Bakis, R.,
Herbst, N.M., and
Nagy, G.,
A Experimental Study of Machine Recognition of Hand-Printed Numerals,
SSC(4), No. 2, July 1968, pp. 119-132.
N-Tuple Matching system for OCR.
BibRef
6807
Siy, P.,
Chen, C.S.,
Fuzzy Logic for Handwritten Numeral Character Recognition,
SMC(4), 1974, pp. 570-575.
BibRef
7400
Pavlidis, T., and
Ali, F.,
Computer Recognition of Handwritten Numerals by
Polygonal Approximations,
SMC(7), 1975, pp. 610-614.
Polygonal Approximation.
BibRef
7500
Shridhar, M.,
Badreldin, A.,
Handwritten Numeral Recognition by Tree Classification Methods,
IVC(2), No. 3, August 1984, pp. 143-149.
WWW Version.
BibRef
8408
And:
A Tree Classification Algorithm for Handwritten Character Recognition,
ICPR84(615-618).
BibRef
Shridhar, M.,
Badreldin, A.,
Recognition of Isolated and Simply Connected Handwritten Numerals,
PR(19), No. 1, 1986, pp. 1-12.
WWW Version.
BibRef
8600
Shridhar, M.,
Badreldin, A.,
Context-Directed Segmentation Algorithm for
Handwritten Numeral Strings,
IVC(5), No. 1, February 1987, pp. 3-9.
WWW Version.
BibRef
8702
Shridhar, M.,
Badreldin, A.,
A High-Accuracy Syntactic Recognition Algorithm for
Handwritten Numerals,
SMC(15), 1985, pp. 152-158.
BibRef
8500
Huang, J.S.,
Chuang, K.,
Heuristic Approach to Handwritten Numeral Recognition,
PR(19), No. 1, 1986, pp. 15-19.
WWW Version.
BibRef
8600
Ray, S.,
A Heuristic Noise Reduction Algorithm Applied to
Handwritten Numeric Characters,
PRL(7), 1988, pp. 9-12.
BibRef
8800
Baptista, G.,
Kulkarni, K.M.,
A High Accuracy Algorithm for Recognition of Handwritten Numerals,
PR(21), No. 4, 1988, pp. 287-291.
WWW Version.
BibRef
8800
Gader, P.D.,
Forester, B.,
Ganzberger, M.,
Billies, A.,
Mitchell, B.,
Whalen, M., and
Yocum, T.,
Recognition of Handwritten Digits Using Template and Model Matching,
PR(24), No. 5, 1991, pp. 421-431.
WWW Version.
BibRef
9100
Westall, J.M., and
Narasimha, M.S.,
Vertex Directed Segmentation of Handwritten Numerals,
PR(26), No. 10, October 1993, pp. 1473-1486.
WWW Version.
BibRef
9310
Gupta, A.,
Nagendraprasad, M.V.,
Liu, A.,
Wang, P.S.P., and
Ayyadurai, S.,
An Integrated Architecture for Recognition of
Totally Unconstrained Handwritten Numerals,
PRAI(7), No. 4, 1993, pp. 757-773.
BibRef
9300
Yan, H.,
Handwritten Digit Recognition Using an Optimized
Nearest-Neighbor Classifier,
PRL(15), No. 2, February 1994, pp. 207-211.
BibRef
9402
Yan, H.[Hong],
Prototype optimization for nearest neighbor classifiers using a
two-layer perceptron,
PR(26), No. 2, February 1993, pp. 317-324.
WWW Version.
0401
BibRef
AbuHaiba, I.S.I.,
Ahmed, P.,
A fuzzy graph theoretic approach to recognize the totally unconstrained
handwritten numerals,
PR(26), No. 9, September 1993, pp. 1335-1350.
WWW Version.
0401
BibRef
Chi, Z.R.,
Yan, H.,
Handwritten Numeral Recognition Using a Small Number of
Fuzzy Rules with Optimized Defuzzification Parameters,
NeurNet(8), No. 5, 1995, pp. 821-827.
BibRef
9500
Chi, Z.R.,
Suters, M.,
Yan, H.,
Handwritten Digit Recognition Using Combined ID3-Derived Fuzzy Rules
and Markov-Chains,
PR(29), No. 11, November 1996, pp. 1821-1833.
WWW Version.
9612
BibRef
Chi, Z.[Zheru],
Wu, J.[Jing],
Yan, H.[Hong],
Handwritten numeral recognition using self-organizing maps and fuzzy
rules,
PR(28), No. 1, January 1995, pp. 59-66.
WWW Version.
0401
BibRef
Cheng, D.H.,
Yan, H.,
Recognition of Handwritten Digits Based on Contour Information,
PR(31), No. 3, March 1998, pp. 235-255.
WWW Version.
9802
BibRef
Hu, J.M.,
Yan, H.,
Structural Primitive Extraction and Coding for
Handwritten Numeral Recognition,
PR(31), No. 5, May 1998, pp. 493-509.
WWW Version.
9805
BibRef
Hu, J.M.[Jian-Ming],
Yan, H.[Hong],
A Model-Based Segmentation Method for Handwritten Numeral Strings,
CVIU(70), No. 3, June 1998, pp. 383-403.
WWW Version.
See also hybrid method for unconstrained handwritten numeral recognition by combining structural and neural gas classifiers, A.
BibRef
9806
Hu, J.M.,
Yu, D.G.,
Yan, H.,
A Multiple Point Boundary Smoothing Algorithm,
PRL(19), No. 8, June 1998, pp. 657-668.
9808
BibRef
Hu, J.M.[Jian-Ming],
Yu, D.G.[Dong-Gang],
Yan, H.[Hong],
Construction of partitioning paths for touching handwritten characters,
PRL(20), No. 3, March 1999, pp. 293-303.
BibRef
9903
Yu, D.G.[Dong-Gang],
Yan, H.[Hong],
Hu, J.M.[Jian-Ming],
Algorithms for Partitioning Path Construction of
Handwritten Numeral Strings,
ICPR98(Vol I: 372-374).
WWW Version.
9808
BibRef
Wakahara, T.,
Shape-Matching Using LAT and its Application to
Handwritten Numeral Recognition,
PAMI(16), No. 6, June 1994, pp. 618-629.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
BibRef
9406
Wakahara, T.,
Multi-template GAT correlation for character recognition with a limited
quantity of data,
ICDAR05(II: 824-828).
WWW Version.
0508
BibRef
Earlier:
Shape matching using GAT correlation against nonlinear distortion and
its application to handwritten numeral recognition,
ICDAR03(54-59).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
0311
See also Online Cursive Kanji Character Recognition Using Stroke Based Affine Transformation.
BibRef
Bailey, R.R.,
Srinath, M.,
Orthogonal Moment Features for Use with Parametric and
Nonparametric Classifiers,
PAMI(18), No. 4, April 1996, pp. 389-399.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
Moments.
9605
BibRef
Heikkonen, J.,
Mantynen, N.,
A Computer Vision Approach to Digit Recognition on Pulp Bales,
PRL(17), No. 4, April 4 1996, pp. 413-419.
9605
BibRef
Revow, M.,
Williams, C.K.I.,
Hinton, G.E.,
Using Generative Models for Handwritten Digit Recognition,
PAMI(18), No. 6, June 1996, pp. 592-606.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
9607
BibRef
Hinton, G.E.,
Dayan, P.,
Revow, M.,
Modeling the Manifolds of Images of Handwritten Digits,
TNN(8), No. 1, January 1997, pp. 65-74.
9701
BibRef
Mayraz, G.[Guy],
Hinton, G.E.[Geoffrey E.],
Recognizing Handwritten Digits Using Hierarchical Products of Experts,
PAMI(24), No. 2, February 2002, pp. 189-197.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
0202
BibRef
Favata, J.T.,
Srikantan, G.,
A Multiple Feature/Resolution Approach to Handprinted Digit and
Character-Recognition,
IJIST(7), No. 4, Winter 1996, pp. 304-311.
9612
BibRef
Gorski, N.D.,
Gorskaya, L.M.,
Estimation of Prior Probabilities for Numeral Recognition,
PRL(18), No. 1, January 1997, pp. 97-103.
9704
BibRef
Ha, T.M.,
Bunke, H.,
Off-Line, Handwritten Numeral Recognition by Perturbation Method,
PAMI(19), No. 5, May 1997, pp. 535-539.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
9705
BibRef
Ha, T.M.,
Zimmermann, M.,
Bunke, H.,
Off-Line Handwritten Numeral String Recognition by
Combining Segmentation-Based and Segmentation-Free Methods,
PR(31), No. 3, March 1998, pp. 257-272.
WWW Version.
9802
BibRef
Chiang, J.H.,
Gader, P.D.,
Recognition of Handprinted Numerals in Visa(R) Card Application Forms,
MVA(10), No. 3, 1997, pp. 144-149.
HTML Version.
9709
BibRef
Amit, Y.[Yali],
Geman, D.[David],
Wilder, K.[Kenneth],
Joint Induction of Shape Features and Tree Classifiers,
PAMI(19), No. 11, November 1997, pp. 1300-1305.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
9712Generate description using large family of binary features (every
local geometric arrangement).
Apply to NIST dataset.
BibRef
Jain, A.K.[Anil K.],
Zongker, D.[Douglas],
Representation and Recognition of Handwritten Digits
Using Deformable Templates,
PAMI(19), No. 12, December 1997, pp. 1386-1390.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
9712
Template Matching.
BibRef
Hamamoto, Y.,
Uchimura, S.,
Watanabe, M.,
Yasuda, T.,
Mitani, Y.,
Tomita, S.,
A Gabor Filter Based Method for Recognizing Handwritten Numerals,
PR(31), No. 4, April 1998, pp. 395-400.
WWW Version.
9803
BibRef
Reddy, N.V.S.,
Nagabhushan, P.,
A Connectionist Expert System Model for Conflict Resolution in
Unconstrained Handwritten Numeral Recognition,
PRL(19), No. 2, February 1998, pp. 161-169.
9808
BibRef
Kim, D.J.[Dai-Jin],
Bang, S.Y.[Sung-Yang],
A Handwriting Numeral Character Classification Using Tolerant Rough Set,
PAMI(22), No. 9, September 2000, pp. 923-937.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
0010
BibRef
Lu, Y.,
Schlosser, S.,
Janeczko, M.,
Fourier descriptors and handwritten digit recognition,
MVA(6), No. 1, 1993, pp. 25-34.
BibRef
9300
Lou, Z.,
Liu, K.,
Yang, J.Y.,
Suen, C.Y.,
Rejection Criteria and Pairwise Discrimination of Handwritten Numerals
Based on Structural Features,
PAA(2), No. 3, 1999, pp. 228-238.
BibRef
9900
Chen, Y.K.[Yi-Kai],
Wang, J.F.[Jhing-Fa],
Segmentation of Single- or Multiple-Touching Handwritten Numeral String
Using Background and Foreground Analysis,
PAMI(22), No. 11, November 2000, pp. 1304-1317.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
0012
BibRef
Earlier:
Segmentation of Handwritten Connected Numeral String Using Background
and Foreground Analysis,
ICPR00(Vol II: 598-601).
WWW Version.
HTML Version.
0009Skeleton approach.
BibRef
Portegys, T.E.[Thomas E.],
Recognizing Hand-Printed Digits with a Distance Quasi-Metric,
CVIU(80), No. 3, December 2000, pp. 289-294.
0012
WWW Version.
BibRef
Saradhi, V.V.[V. Vijaya],
Murty, M.N.[M. Narasimha],
Bootstrapping for efficient handwritten digit recognition,
PR(34), No. 5, May 2001, pp. 1047-1056.
WWW Version.
0102
BibRef
Kim, K.K.[Kye Kyung],
Kim, J.H.[Jin Ho],
Suen, C.Y.[Ching Y.],
Segmentation-based recognition of handwritten touching pairs of digits
using structural features,
PRL(23), No. 1-3, January 2002, pp. 13-24.
HTML Version.
0201
BibRef
Ping, Z.[Zhang],
Lihui, C.[Chen],
A novel feature extraction method and hybrid tree classification for
handwritten numeral recognition,
PRL(23), No. 1-3, January 2002, pp. 45-56.
HTML Version.
0201
BibRef
Kim, H.C.[Hyun-Chul],
Kim, D.J.[Dai-Jin],
Bang, S.Y.[Sung Yang],
A numeral character recognition using the PCA mixture model,
PRL(23), No. 1-3, January 2002, pp. 103-111.
HTML Version.
0201
See also Face recognition using the mixture-of-eigenfaces method.
BibRef
Shi, M.[Meng],
Fujisawa, Y.[Yoshiharu],
Wakabayashi, T.[Tetsushi],
Kimura, F.[Fumitaka],
Handwritten numeral recognition using gradient and curvature of gray
scale image,
PR(35), No. 10, October 2002, pp. 2051-2059.
WWW Version.
0206
BibRef
Shi, M.[Meng],
Ohyama, W.[Wataru],
Wakabayashi, T.,
Kimura, F.,
Clustering with projection distance and pseudo Bayes discriminant
function for handwritten numeral recognition,
ICDAR01(1007-1011).
WWW Version.
0109
BibRef
Wakabayashi, T.,
Shi, M.,
Ohyama, W.,
Kimura, F.,
Accuracy improvement of handwritten numeral recognition by mirror image
learning,
ICDAR01(338-343).
WWW Version.
0109
BibRef
Teow, L.N.[Loo-Nin],
Loe, K.F.[Kia-Fock],
Robust vision-based features and classification schemes for off-line
handwritten digit recognition,
PR(35), No. 11, November 2002, pp. 2355-2364.
WWW Version.
0208
BibRef
Earlier:
Handwritten Digit Recognition with a Novel Vision Model that Extracts
Linearly Separable Features,
CVPR00(II: 76-81).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
0005
BibRef
Chen, G.Y.,
Bui, T.D.,
Krzyzak, A.,
Contour-based handwritten numeral recognition using multiwavelets and
neural networks,
PR(36), No. 7, July 2003, pp. 1597-1604.
WWW Version.
0304
BibRef
Chen, G.Y.,
Bui, T.D.,
Krzyzak, A.,
Rotation invariant pattern recognition using ridgelets, wavelet
cycle-spinning and Fourier features,
PR(38), No. 12, December 2005, pp. 2314-2322.
WWW Version.
0510
BibRef
Yang, L.H.[Li-Hua],
Suen, C.Y.[Ching Y.],
Bui, T.D.[Tien D.],
Zhang, P.[Ping],
Discrimination of similar handwritten numerals based on invariant
curvature features,
PR(38), No. 7, July 2005, pp. 947-963.
WWW Version.
0505
BibRef
Zhang, P.,
Bui, T.D.,
Suen, C.Y.,
Hybrid feature extraction and feature selection for improving
recognition accuracy of handwritten numerals,
ICDAR05(I: 136-140).
WWW Version.
0508
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A3, A2:
Multi-modal nonlinear feature reduction for the recognition of
handwritten numerals,
CRV04(393-400).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
0408
BibRef
Bellili, A.,
Gilloux, M.,
Gallinari, P.,
An MLP-SVM combination architecture for offline handwritten digit
recognition: Reduction of recognition errors by Support Vector Machines
rejection mechanisms,
IJDAR(5), No. 4, July 2003, pp. 244-252.
HTML Version.
0308
BibRef
Earlier:
An hybrid MLP-SVM handwritten digit recognizer,
ICDAR01(28-32).
WWW Version.
0109
BibRef
Goltsev, A.[Alexander],
Rachkovskij, D.[Dmitri],
Combination of the assembly neural network with a perceptron for
recognition of handwritten digits arranged in numeral strings,
PR(38), No. 3, March 2005, pp. 315-322.
WWW Version.
0412
BibRef
Parkins, A.D.,
Nandi, A.K.,
Method for calculating first-order derivative based feature saliency
information in a trained neural network and its application to
handwritten digit recognition,
VISP(152), No. 2, April 2005, pp. 137-147.
WWW Version.
0510
BibRef
Sung, J.[JaeMo],
Bang, S.Y.[Sung-Yang],
Choi, S.[Seungjin],
A Bayesian network classifier and hierarchical Gabor features for
handwritten numeral recognition,
PRL(27), No. 1, 1 January 2006, pp. 66-75.
WWW Version.
0512
BibRef
Sung, J.[JaeMo],
Bang, S.Y.[Sung-Yang],
Hierarchical Bayesian Network for Handwritten Digit Recognition,
CVS03(396 ff).
HTML Version.
0306
BibRef
Savas, B.[Berkant],
Eldén, L.[Lars],
Handwritten digit classification using higher order singular value
decomposition,
PR(40), No. 3, March 2007, pp. 993-1003.
WWW Version.
0611Tensors; Higher order singular value decomposition;
Tensor approximation; Least squares
BibRef
Hoffmann, H.[Heiko],
Kernel PCA for novelty detection,
PR(40), No. 3, March 2007, pp. 863-874.
WWW Version.
0611Kernel method; Novelty detection; PCA; Handwritten digit; Breast cancer
BibRef
Suresh, R.M.,
Arumugam, S.,
Fuzzy technique based recognition of handwritten characters,
IVC(25), No. 2, February 2007, pp. 230-239.
WWW Version.
0701Fuzzy logic; Fuzzy context-free grammar; Preprocessing;
Polygonal approximation; Segmentation; Labeling; Handwritten numerals;
Modified parsing algorithm
BibRef
Lauer, F.[Fabien],
Suen, C.Y.[Ching Y.],
Bloch, G.[Gerard],
A trainable feature extractor for handwritten digit recognition,
PR(40), No. 6, June 2007, pp. 1816-1824.
WWW Version.
0704Character recognition; Support vector machines; Convolutional neural networks;
Feature extraction; Elastic distortion
BibRef
Hanmandlu, M.[Madasu],
Murthy, O.V.R.[O.V. Ramana],
Fuzzy model based recognition of handwritten numerals,
PR(40), No. 6, June 2007, pp. 1840-1854.
WWW Version.
0704Box approach; Fuzzy sets; Membership function; Structural parameters; Entropy
BibRef
Hanmandlu, M.[Madasu],
Yusof, M.H.M.[Mohammad Hafizuddin Mohd],
Madasu, V.K.[Vamsi Krishna],
Fuzzy Modeling Based Recognition of Multi-font Numerals,
DAGM03(204-211).
HTML Version.
0310
BibRef
Zhang, P.[Ping],
Bui, T.D.[Tien D.],
Suen, C.Y.[Ching Y.],
A novel cascade ensemble classifier system with a high recognition
performance on handwritten digits,
PR(40), No. 12, December 2007, pp. 3415-3429.
WWW Version.
0709Handwritten digit recognition; Hybrid feature extraction;
Cascade classifier system; Rejection criteria; Ensemble classifier;
Gating networks; Neural networks; Genetic algorithms
BibRef
Zhou, J.[Jie],
Peng, H.[Hanchuan],
Suen, C.Y.[Ching Y.],
Data-driven decomposition for multi-class classification,
PR(41), No. 1, January 2008, pp. 67-76.
WWW Version.
0710Multi-class classification; Error Correcting Output Coding (ECOC);
Data-driven Error Correcting Output Coding (DECOC); Support vector machine;
Handwritten numeral recognition; Gene expression classification
BibRef
Kherallah, M.[Monji],
Haddad, L.[Lobna],
Alimi, A.M.[Adel M.],
Mitiche, A.[Amar],
On-line handwritten digit recognition based on trajectory and velocity
modeling,
PRL(29), No. 5, 1 April 2008, pp. 580-594.
WWW Version.
0802Handwriting modeling; Stroke overlapping; Elliptic trajectory modeling;
Beta velocity modeling; Digit recognition
BibRef
Huang, K.[Kaizhu],
Sun, J.[Jun],
Hotta, Y.[Yoshinobu],
Fujimoto, K.[Katsuhito],
Naoi, S.[Satoshi],
An SVM-Based High-accurate Recognition Approach for Handwritten
Numerals by Using Difference Features,
ICDAR07(589-593).
WWW Version.
0709
BibRef
Chen, X.,
Liu, X.,
Jia, Y.,
Learning Handwritten Digit Recognition by the Max-Min Posterior
Pseudo-Probabilities Method,
ICDAR07(342-346).
WWW Version.
0709
BibRef
Hotta, S.,
Transform-Invariance in Local Averaging Classifier for Handwritten
Digit Pattern Recognition,
ICDAR07(347-351).
WWW Version.
0709
BibRef
Bernard, S.,
Adam, S.,
Heutte, L.,
Using Random Forests for Handwritten Digit Recognition,
ICDAR07(1043-1047).
WWW Version.
0709
BibRef
Zheng, L.H.[Li-Hong],
He, X.J.[Xiang-Jian],
Wu, Q.[Qiang],
Hintz, T.,
Learning-Based Number Recognition on Spiral Architecture,
ICARCV06(1-5).
WWW Version.
0612
BibRef
Zhang, X.L.[Xiao-Li],
Nagy, G.[George],
Style Quantification of Scanned Multi-source Digits,
ICPR06(II: 1018-10121).
WWW Version.
0609
BibRef
Duong, J.,
Emptoz, H.,
Cascade classifier: design and application to digit recognition,
ICDAR05(II: 1065-1069).
WWW Version.
0508
BibRef
Cecotti, H.,
Belaid, A.,
Rejection strategy for convolutional neural network by adaptive
topology applied to handwritten digits recognition,
ICDAR05(II: 765-769).
WWW Version.
0508
BibRef
Fan, X.D.[Xiao-Dong],
Efficient Multiclass Object Detection by a Hierarchy of Classifiers,
CVPR05(I: 716-723).
WWW Version.
0507Rather than multiple classifiers, 1 per object class, a hierarchical approach.
Detection of digits.
BibRef
Ng, G.S.,
Murali, T.,
Wahab, A.,
Sriskanthan, N.,
Classification of handwritten digits using evolving fuzzy neural
network,
ICARCV04(II: 1410-1415).
WWW Version.
0412
BibRef
Miller, E.G.[Erik G.],
Chef d'hotel, C.[Christophe],
Practical non-parametric density estimation on a transformation group
for vision,
CVPR03(II: 114-121).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
0307propose a suitable invariant estimator on the linear group of
non-singular matrices with positive determinant.
Apply to digit recognition.
BibRef
Yamaguchi, T.,
Nakano, Y.,
Maruyama, M.,
Miyao, H.,
Hananoi, T.,
Digit classification on signboards for telephone number recognition,
ICDAR03(359-363).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
0311
BibRef
Valveny, E.,
Lopez, A.,
Numeral recognition for quality control of surgical sachets,
ICDAR03(379-383).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
0311
BibRef
Muramatsu, H.,
Kobayashi, T.,
Sugiyama, T.,
Abe, K.,
Improvement of matching and evaluation in handwritten numeral
recognition using flexible standard patterns,
ICDAR03(273-277).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
0311
BibRef
Kobayashi, T.,
Nakamura, K.,
Muramatsu, H.,
Sugiyama, T.,
Abe, K.,
Handwritten numeral recognition using flexible matching based on
learning of stroke statistics,
ICDAR01(612-616).
WWW Version.
0109
BibRef
Takahashi, K.,
Nishiwaki, D.,
A class-modular GLVQ ensemble with outlier learning for handwritten
digit recognition,
ICDAR03(268-272).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
0311
BibRef
Srihari, S.N.,
Tomai, C.I.,
Zhang, B.[Bin],
Lee, S.[Sangjik],
Individuality of numerals,
ICDAR03(1096-1100).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
0311
BibRef
de Avila, S.[Sandra],
Matos, L.[Leonardo],
Freitas, C.[Cinthia],
de Carvalho, J.M.[João M.],
Evaluating a Zoning Mechanism and Class-Modular Architecture for
Handwritten Characters Recognition,
CIARP07(515-524).
WWW Version.
0711
BibRef
Correia, S.E.N.,
de Carvalho, J.M.,
Sabourin, R.,
On the performance of wavelets for handwritten numerals recognition,
ICPR02(III: 127-130).
WWW Version.
0211
BibRef
Kim, K.K.[Kye Kyung],
Chung, Y.K.[Yun Koo],
Suen, C.Y.,
Post-processing scheme for improving recognition performance of
touching handwritten numeral strings,
ICPR02(III: 327-330).
WWW Version.
0211
BibRef
de Souza Britto, Jr., A.[Alceu],
Sabourin, R.,
Bortolozzi, F.,
Suen, C.Y.,
A string length predictor to control the level building of HMMs for
handwritten numeral recognition,
ICPR02(IV: 31-34).
WWW Version.
0211
BibRef
Soares de Oliveira, L.E.,
Lethelier, E.,
Bortolozzi, F.,
Sabourin, R.,
A New Segmentation Approach for Handwritten Digits,
ICPR00(Vol II: 323-326).
WWW Version.
HTML Version.
0009
BibRef
Ayat, N.E.,
Cheriet, M.,
Suen, C.Y.,
KMOD: A two-parameter SVM kernel for pattern recognition,
ICPR02(III: 331-334).
WWW Version.
0211
BibRef
And:
Empirical error based optimization of SVM kernels:
Application to digit image recognition,
FHR02(292-297).
IEEE Top Reference.
0209
BibRef
Zhang, R.[Rui],
Ding, X.Q.[Xiao-Qing],
Offline Handwritten Numeral Recognition Using Orthogonal Gaussian
Mixture Model,
ICIP01(I: 1126-1129).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
0108
BibRef
Zhang, R.[Rui],
Ding, X.Q.[Xiao-Qing],
Zhang, J.Y.[Jia-Yong],
Offline handwritten character recognition based on discriminative
training of orthogonal Gaussian mixture model,
ICDAR01(221-225).
WWW Version.
0109
BibRef
Ratzlaff, E.H.,
A scanning n-tuple classifier for online recognition of handwritten
digits,
ICDAR01(18-22).
WWW Version.
0109
BibRef
Ye, X.Y.[Xiang-Yun],
Cheriet, M.,
Suen, C.Y.,
A framework of combining numeric string recognizers,
ICDAR01(716-720).
WWW Version.
0109
BibRef
Ayat, N.E.,
Cheriet, M.,
Remaki, L.,
Suen, C.Y.,
KMOD: a new support vector machine kernel with moderate decreasing for
pattern recognition. Application to digit image recognition,
ICDAR01(1215-1219).
WWW Version.
0109
BibRef
Singh, S.,
Hewitt, M.,
Cursive Digit and Character Recognition on Cedar Database,
ICPR00(Vol II: 569-572).
WWW Version.
HTML Version.
0009
BibRef
Zhao, B.,
Liu, Y.,
Xia, S.W.,
Support Vector Machine and Its Application in Handwritten Numeral
Recognition,
ICPR00(Vol II: 720-723).
WWW Version.
HTML Version.
0009
BibRef
Grim, J.,
Pudil, P.,
Somol, P.,
Multivariate Structural Bernoulli Mixtures for Recognition of
Handwritten Numerals,
ICPR00(Vol II: 585-589).
WWW Version.
HTML Version.
0009
BibRef
Ping, Z.[Zhang],
Lihui, C.[Chen],
Kot, A.C.,
A Floating Feature Detector for Handwritten Numeral Recognition,
ICPR00(Vol II: 553-556).
WWW Version.
HTML Version.
0009
BibRef
Nóbrega-Correia, S.E.N.,
de Carvalho, J.M.[J. Marques],
Optimizing the Recognition Rates of Unconstrained Handwritten Numerals
Using Biorthogonal Spline Wavelets,
ICPR00(Vol II: 251-254).
WWW Version.
HTML Version.
0009
BibRef
Mizukami, Y.,
Sato, T.,
Tanaka, K.,
Handwritten Digit Recognition by Hierarchical Displacement Extraction
with Gradual Prototype Elimination,
ICPR00(Vol II: 339-342).
WWW Version.
HTML Version.
0009
BibRef
Yu, D.,
Analysis and Reconstruction of Broken Handwritten Digits,
ICIP00(Vol II: 700-703).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
0008
BibRef
Teredesai, A.,
Govindaraju, V.,
Active digit classifiers: a separability optimization approach to
emulate cognition,
ICDAR01(401-405).
WWW Version.
0109
BibRef
Yoon, S.S.[Sung-Soo],
Kim, G.H.[Gyeong-Hwan],
Choi, Y.W.[Yeong-Woo],
Lee, Y.B.[Yill-Byung],
New paradigm for segmentation and recognition of handwritten numeral
string,
ICDAR01(205-209).
WWW Version.
0109
BibRef
Park, J.[Jaehwa],
Govindaraju, V.[Venu],
Active Character Recognition using A*-like Algorithm,
CVPR00(II: 82-87).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
0005
BibRef
de Coste, D.[Dennis],
Burl, M.C.[Michael C.],
Distortion-Invariant Recognition via Jittered Queries,
CVPR00(I: 732-737).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
0005
BibRef
Plamondon, R.[Rejean],
Parizeau, M.[Marc],
Li, X.L.[Xiao-Lin],
Model-Based On-Line Handwritten Digit Recognition,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1134-1136).
WWW Version.
9808
BibRef
Muller, N.[Neil],
Herbst, B.M.[Ben M.],
The Use of Eigenpictures for Optical Character Recognition,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1124-1126).
WWW Version.
9808
See also Building a Representative Training Set Based on Eigenimages.
BibRef
Naoi, S.,
Yabuki, M.,
Global Interpolation Method II for Handwritten Numbers Overlapping
a Border by Automatic Knowledge Acquisition of Overlapped Condition,
ICDAR97(Poste)
9708
BibRef
Naoi, S.,
Hotta, Y.,
Yabuki, M.,
Asakawa, A.,
Global interpolation in the segmentation of handwritten characters
overlapping a border,
ICIP94(I: 149-153).
WWW Version.
9411
BibRef
Zhou, J.,
Suen, C.Y.,
Unconstrained numeral pair recognition using enhanced error correcting
output coding: a holistic approach,
ICDAR05(I: 484-488).
WWW Version.
0508
BibRef
Zhou, J.,
Gan, Q.,
Suen, C.Y.,
A High Performance Hand-Printed Numeral Recognition System
with Verification Module,
ICDAR97(Tu-2A)
9708
BibRef
Shi, Z.,
Srihari, S.N.,
Shin, Y.C.,
Ramanaprasad, V.,
A System for Segmentation and Recognition of Totally
Unconstrained Handwritten Numeral Strings,
ICDAR97(Poste)
9708
BibRef
Yamauchi, T.,
Itamoto, Y.,
Tsukumo, J.,
Shape Based Learning for a Multi-Template Method, and
Its Application to Handprinted Numeral Recognition,
ICDAR97(Poste)
9708
BibRef
Zhao, B.,
Su, H.,
Xia, S.W.,
A New Method For Segmenting Unconstrained Handwritten Numeral String,
ICDAR97(Poste)
9708
BibRef
Kim, W.,
Paik, J.,
Lee, K.,
Lee, Y.,
Handwritten Digit Verifier for Improving Recognition Error,
ICDAR97(Tu-3A)
9708
BibRef
Plamondon, R.,
Bourdeau, M.,
Validation of Preprocessing Algorithms: A Methodology and Its Application
to the Design of a Thinning Algorithm for Handwritten Characters,
ICDAR93(262-269).
BibRef
9300
Hotta, Y.,
Takebe, H.,
Suwa, M.,
Naoi, S.,
Accuracy improvement for handwritten Japanese word recognition by
combination of character and word recognizer,
ICDAR05(II: 685-689).
WWW Version.
0508
BibRef
Hotta, Y.,
Naoi, S., and
Suwa, M.,
Handwritten Numeral Recognition Using Personal Handwriting Characteristics
Based on Clustering Method,
WACV96(284-289).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
9609
BibRef
Kawatani, T.,
Shimizu, H.,
McEachern, M.,
Handwritten Numeral Recognition with the Improved LDA Method,
ICPR96(IV: 441-446).
WWW Version.
9608(Hewlett-Packard Lab. Japan, J)
BibRef
Hamamoto, Y.,
Uchimura, S.,
Watanabe, M.,
Yasuda, T.,
Tomita, S.,
Recognition of Handwritten Numerals Using Gabor Features,
ICPR96(III: 250-253).
WWW Version.
9608(Yamaguchi Univ., J)
BibRef
Shirali-Shahreza, M.H.,
Faez, K.,
Khotanzad, A.,
Recognition of handwritten Persian/Arabic numerals by shadow coding and
an edited probabilistic neural network,
ICIP95(III: 436-439).
WWW Version.
9510
BibRef
Pan, F.[Feng],
Keane, M.,
A new set of moment invariants for handwritten numeral recognition,
ICIP94(I: 154-158).
WWW Version.
9411
BibRef
Bertille, J.M.,
An Elastic Matching Approach Applied to Digit Recognition,
ICDAR93(82-85).
BibRef
9300
Fontaine, T., and
Shastri, L.,
Handprinted Digit Recognition Using Spatiotemporal
Connectionist Models,
CVPR92(169-175).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. Error rate of 1% with 14.6% rejected.
BibRef
9200
Li, X.P.[Xue-Ping],
Recognition of connected numeral strings using partial boundary
features,
ICPR92(II:677-680).
WWW Version.
9208
BibRef
Kovacs-Vajna, Z.M.,
Guerrieri, R.,
Baccarani, G.,
A novel metric for nearest-neighbor classification of hand-written
digits,
ICPR92(II:96-100).
WWW Version.
9208
BibRef
Schaeken, B.,
Verschueren, W.,
Rene de Cotret, Y.,
Hermanne, A.,
A Hierarchical System for Handwritten Numeral Recognition,
ICPR84(623-625).
BibRef
8400
Verschueren, W.,
Schaeken, B.,
Rene de Cotret, Y.,
Hermanne, A.,
Structural Recognition of Handwritten Numerals,
ICPR84(760-762).
BibRef
8400
Tang, G.Y.,
Tzeng, P.S.,
Hau, C.C.,
A Microcomputer System to Recognize Handwritten Numerals
Using a Syntactic-Statistic Approach,
ICPR84(1061-1064).
BibRef
8400
Chapter on OCR, Document Analysis and Character Recognition Systems continues in
Multiple Classifiers Applied to Arabic Numbers .