23.2.2.2.3 Text Detection, Find Text in General Scenes, Documents, Scene Text

Ikica, A.[Andrej], Peer, P.[Peter],
Computer Vision Lab OCR DataBase: CVL OCR DB,
2011. A public annotated image database of text in natural scenes
WWW Version. Dataset, Text in Images. BibRef

Beato, L.J.[Louis J.],
Bi-tonal image non-text matter removal with run length and connected component analysis,
US_Patent5,048,096, Sep 10, 1991
WWW Version. BibRef 9109

Cheong, C.E.[Chan E.],
Method for disconnecting character strings of a compressed image,
US_Patent5,313,526, May 17, 1994
WWW Version. BibRef 9405

Zhong, Y., Karu, K., Jain, A.K.,
Locating Text in Complex Color Images,
PR(28), No. 10, October 1995, pp. 1523-1535.
WWW Version. BibRef 9510

Sakou, H.[Hiroshi], Matsushima, H.[Hitoshi],
Texture discrimination method,
US_Patent5,448,651, Sep 5, 1995
WWW Version. Text from textured background BibRef 9509

Suen, H.M., Wang, J.F.,
Text String Extraction from Images of Color-Printed Documents,
VISP(143), No. 4, August 1996, pp. 210-216. 9611
BibRef

Suen, H.M., Wang, J.F.,
Segmentation of Uniform Colored Text from Color Graphics Background,
VISP(144), No. 6, December 1997, pp. 317-322. 9806
BibRef

Mahoney, J.V.[James V.],
Method and apparatus for detecting running text in an image,
US_Patent5,889,886, Mar 30, 1999
WWW Version. BibRef 9903

Hasan, Y.M.Y., Karam, L.J.,
Morphological Text Extraction from Images,
IP(9), No. 11, November 2000, pp. 1978-1983.
IEEE DOI Link 0011
BibRef

Hase, H.[Hiroyuki], Shinokawa, T.[Toshiyuki], Yoneda, M.[Masaaki], Suen, C.Y.[Ching Y.],
Character string extraction from color documents,
PR(34), No. 7, July 2001, pp. 1349-1365.
WWW Version. 0105
BibRef

Hase, H., Shinokawa, T., Yoneda, M., Sakai, M., Maruyama, H.,
Character String Extraction by Multi-Stage Relaxation,
ICDAR97(298-302).
IEEE DOI Link 9708
BibRef

Hase, H.[Hiroyuki], Yoneda, M.[Masaaki], Tokai, S.[Shogo], Kato, J.[Jien], Suen, C.Y.[Ching Y.],
Color segmentation for text extraction,
IJDAR(6), No. 4, April 2004, pp. 271-284.
Springer DOI Link The character color is not constant. 0406
BibRef

Pan, W.M.[Wu-Mo], Bui, T.D., Suen, C.Y.,
Text detection from natural scene images using topographic maps and sparse representations,
ICIP09(2021-2024).
IEEE DOI Link 0911
BibRef
Earlier:
Text detection from scene images using sparse representation,
ICPR08(1-5).
IEEE DOI Link 0812
BibRef
And:
Isolated Handwritten Farsi Numerals Recognition Using Sparse and Over-Complete Representations,
ICDAR09(586-590).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef
Earlier:
Text Segmentation from Complex Background Using Sparse Representations,
ICDAR07(412-416).
IEEE DOI Link 0709
BibRef

Strouthopoulos, C., Papamarkos, N., Atsalakis, A.E.,
Text extraction in complex color documents,
PR(35), No. 8, August 2002, pp. 1743-1758.
WWW Version. 0206
BibRef

Clark, P.[Paul], Mirmehdi, M.[Majid],
Recognising Text in Real Scenes,
IJDAR(4), No. 4, 2002, pp. 243-257.
HTML Version. 0208
Find page boundaries or use neural net based texture. BibRef
Earlier:
Combining Statistical Measures to Find Image Text Regions,
ICPR00(Vol I: 450-453).
IEEE DOI Link 0009
BibRef
And:
Finding Text Regions using Localised Statistical Measures,
BMVC00(xx-yy).
PDF Version. 0009
See also Rectifying Perspective Views of Text in 3D Scenes Using Vanishing Points. BibRef

Merino-Gracia, C.[Carlos], Lenc, K.[Karel], Mirmehdi, M.[Majid],
A Head-Mounted Device for Recognizing Text in Natural Scenes,
CBDAR11(29-41).
Springer DOI Link 1204
BibRef

Wang, K.Q.[Kong-Qiao], Kangas, J.A.[Jari A.],
Character location in scene images from digital camera,
PR(36No. 10, October 2003, pp. 2287-2299.
WWW Version. 0308
See also 1d Bar Code Reading On Camera Phones. BibRef

Wang, K.Q.[Kong-Qiao], Kangas, J.A.[Jari A.], Li, W.W.[Wen-Wen],
Character segmentation of color images from digital camera,
ICDAR01(210-214).
IEEE DOI Link 0109
BibRef

Agnihotri, L.[Lalitha], Dimitrova, N.[Nevenka],
Symbol Classification with shape features applied to neural network,
US_Patent6,731,788, May 4, 2004
WWW Version. BibRef 0405

Ye, Q.X.[Qi-Xiang], Huang, Q.M.[Qing-Ming], Gao, W.[Wen], Zhao, D.B.[De-Bin],
Fast and robust text detection in images and video frames,
IVC(23), No. 6, 1 June 2005, pp. 565-576.
WWW Version. 0505
BibRef

Li, X.J.[Xiao-Jun], Wang, W.Q.A.[Wei-Qi-Ang], Jiang, S.Q.A.[Shu-Qi-Ang], Huang, Q.M.[Qing-Ming], Gao, W.[Wen],
Fast and effective text detection,
ICIP08(969-972).
IEEE DOI Link 0810
BibRef

Li, J.[Jia], Tian, Y.H.[Yong-Hong], Huang, T.J.[Tie-Jun], Gao, W.[Wen],
Multi-polarity text segmentation using graph theory,
ICIP08(3008-3011).
IEEE DOI Link 0810
BibRef

Ye, Q.X.[Qi-Xiang], Gao, W.[Wen], Huang, Q.M.[Qing-Ming],
Automatic text segmentation from complex background,
ICIP04(V: 2905-2908).
IEEE DOI Link 0505
BibRef

Gllavata, J.[Julinda], Freisleben, B.[Bernd],
Adaptive Fuzzy Text Segmentation in Images with Complex Backgrounds Using Color and Texture,
CAIP05(756).
Springer DOI Link 0509
BibRef

Liu, Y.X.[Yang-Xing], Goto, S.[Satoshi], Ikenaga, T.[Takeshi],
A Contour-Based Robust Algorithm for Text Detection in Color Images,
IEICE(E89-D), No. 3, March 2006, pp. 1221-1230.
DOI Link 0603
BibRef
Earlier:
A robust algorithm for text detection in color images,
ICDAR05(I: 399-403).
IEEE DOI Link 0508
BibRef

di Federico, R.[Riccardo], Carrai, P.[Paola],
Text discrimination method and related apparatus,
US_Patent6,999,621, Feb 14, 2006
WWW Version. BibRef 0602

Mehrotra, S.[Sanjeev],
Text detection in continuous tone image segments,
US_Patent7,085,420, Aug 1, 2006
WWW Version. BibRef 0608

Karatzs, D.[Dimosthenis], Antonacopoulos, A.[Apostolos],
Colour text segmentation in web images based on human perception,
IVC(25), No. 5, 1 May 2007, pp. 564-577.
WWW Version. 0703
BibRef
Earlier:
Text extraction from web images based on a split-and-merge segmentation method using colour perception,
ICPR04(II: 634-637).
IEEE DOI Link 0409
BibRef
Earlier:
Two approaches for text segmentation in web images,
ICDAR03(131-137).
IEEE Abstract. 0311
BibRef
Earlier: A2, A1:
Fuzzy Segmentation of Characters in Web Images Based on Human Colour Perception,
DAS02(295 ff.).
HTML Version. 0303
Web document image analysis; Colour document analysis; Character segmentation; Text segmentation; Colour images BibRef

Lim, J.[Jaeguyn], Park, J.[Jonghyun], Medioni, G.G.[Gerard G.],
Text segmentation in color images using tensor voting,
IVC(25), No. 5, 1 May 2007, pp. 671-685.
WWW Version. 0703
Tensor voting; Text segmentation; Mean shift-based density estimation; Adaptive median filter; Color component analysis BibRef

Park, J.[Jonghyun], Park, S.[Soonyoung],
Detection of Text Region and Segmentation from Natural Scene Images,
ISVC05(666-671).
Springer DOI Link 0512
BibRef

Mancas-Thillou, C.[Celine], Gosselin, B.[Bernard],
Color text extraction with selective metric-based clustering,
CVIU(107), No. 1-2, July-August 2007, pp. 97-107.
WWW Version. 0706
BibRef
Earlier:
Character Segmentation-by-Recognition Using Log-Gabor Filters,
ICPR06(II: 901-904).
IEEE DOI Link 0609
BibRef
Earlier:
Color text extraction from camera-based images: The impact of the choice of the clustering distance,
ICDAR05(I: 312-316).
IEEE DOI Link 0508
BibRef
Earlier:
Color Binarization for Complex Camera-based Images,
SPIE(NNNN), 2005. Electronic Imaging, pp. 301-308.
WWW Version. Clustering; Cosine-based similarity; Diffuse and specular surfaces; Natural scene; Text understanding BibRef

Mancas-Thillou, C.[Céline], Ferreira, S.[Silvio], Demeyer, J.[Jonathan], Minetti, C.[Christophe], Gosselin, B.[Bernard],
A Multifunctional Reading Assistant for the Visually Impaired,
JIVP(2007), 2007, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 0804
BibRef

Peters, J.P., Thillou, C., Ferreira, S.,
Embedded reading device for blind people: a user-centered design,
AIPR04(217-222).
IEEE DOI Link 0410
BibRef

Liu, X.B.[Xia-Bi], Fu, H.[Hui], Jia, Y.D.[Yun-De],
Gaussian mixture modeling and learning of neighboring characters for multilingual text extraction in images,
PR(41), No. 2, February 2008, pp. 484-493.
WWW Version. 0711
Text extraction; Document analysis; Character recognition; Image retrieval; Gaussian mixture models; Discriminative training; EM algorithm BibRef

Fu, H.[Hui], Liu, X.B.[Xia-Bi], Jia, Y.D.[Yun-De], Deng, H.B.[Hong-Bin],
Gaussian Mixture Modeling of Neighbor Characters for Multilingual Text Extraction in Images,
ICIP06(3321-3324).
IEEE DOI Link 0610
BibRef

Ye, Q.X.[Qi-Xiang], Jiao, J.B.[Jian-Bin], Huang, J.[Jun], Yu, H.[Hua],
Text detection and restoration in natural scene images,
JVCIR(18), No. 6, December 2007, pp. 504-513.
WWW Version. 0711
Text detection; Text recognition; Text restoration BibRef

Wang, Z.S.[Zhe-Shen], Xu, X.Y.[Xin-Yu], Li, B.X.[Bao-Xin],
Enabling Seamless Access to Digital Graphical Contents for Visually Impaired Individuals via Semantic-Aware Processing,
JIVP(2007), 2007, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 0804
BibRef

Goto, H.[Hideaki],
Redefining the DCT-based feature for scene text detection: Analysis and comparison of spatial frequency-based features,
IJDAR(11), No. 1, October 2008, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI Link 0810
BibRef

Tanaka, M., Goto, H.,
Autonomous Text Capturing Robot Using Improved DCT Feature and Text Tracking,
ICDAR07(1178-1182).
IEEE DOI Link 0709
BibRef

Shiratori, H.[Hiroki], Goto, H.[Hideaki], Kobayashi, H.[Hiroaki],
An Efficient Text Capture Method for Moving Robots Using DCT Feature and Text Tracking,
ICPR06(II: 1050-1053).
IEEE DOI Link 0609
BibRef

Saoi, T., Goto, H., Kobayashi, H.,
Text detection in color scene images based on unsupervised clustering of multi-channel wavelet features,
ICDAR05(II: 690-694).
IEEE DOI Link 0508
BibRef

Jung, C.K.[Cheol-Kon], Liu, Q.F.[Qi-Feng], Kim, J.K.[Joong-Kyu],
A stroke filter and its application to text localization,
PRL(30), No. 2, 15 January 2009, pp. 114-122.
Elsevier DOI Link 0804
A stroke filter; Text localization; Text information extraction BibRef

Jung, C.K.[Cheol-Kon], Liu, Q.F.[Qi-Feng], Kim, J.K.[Joong-Kyu],
Accurate text localization in images based on SVM output scores,
IVC(27), No. 9, 3 August 2009, pp. 1295-1301.
Elsevier DOI Link 0906
Text localization; SVM output score; Text line refinement; Classifier fusion BibRef

Baba, Y.[Yoichiro], Hirose, A.[Akira],
Spectral Fluctuation Method: A Texture-Based Method to Extract Text Regions in General Scene Images,
IEICE(E92-D), No. 9, September 2009, pp. 1702-1715.
WWW Version. 0910
BibRef
Earlier:
Proposal of the hybrid spectral gradient method to extract character-text regions from general scene images,
ICIP04(I: 211-214).
IEEE DOI Link 0505
BibRef

Zhang, Y.[Yi], Tan, K.K.[Kok Kiong],
Text extraction from images captured via mobile and digital devices,
IJCVR(1), No. 1, 2009, pp. 34-58.
DOI Link 0911
BibRef

Nguyen, T.D., Park, J., Lee, G.,
Tensor Voting Based Text Localization in Natural Scene Images,
SPLetters(17), No. 7, July 2010, pp. 639-642.
IEEE DOI Link 1006
BibRef

Li, M.[Minhua], Bai, M.[Meng], Wang, C.H.[Chun-Heng], Xiao, B.H.[Bai-Hua],
Conditional random field for text segmentation from images with complex background,
PRL(31), No. 14, 15 October 2010, pp. 2295-2308.
Elsevier DOI Link 1003
Conditional random field (CRF); Text segmentation; Complex background; Local information; Contextual label information BibRef

Pan, Y.F.[Yi-Feng], Hou, X.W.[Xin-Wen], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin],
A Hybrid Approach to Detect and Localize Texts in Natural Scene Images,
IP(20), No. 3, March 2011, pp. 800-813.
IEEE DOI Link 1103
BibRef
Earlier:
Text Localization in Natural Scene Images Based on Conditional Random Field,
ICDAR09(6-10).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Gopalan, C.[Chitrakala], Manjula, D.,
Statistical modeling for the detection, localization and extraction of text from heterogeneous textual images using combined feature scheme,
SIViP(5), No. 2, June 2011, pp. 165-183.
WWW Version. 1101
BibRef

Yi, C.[Chucai], Tian, Y.[Yingli],
Text String Detection From Natural Scenes by Structure-Based Partition and Grouping,
IP(20), No. 9, September 2011, pp. 2594-2605.
IEEE DOI Link 1109
BibRef

Yi, C.[Chucai], Tian, Y.[Yingli],
Localizing Text in Scene Images by Boundary Clustering, Stroke Segmentation, and String Fragment Classification,
IP(21), No. 9, September 2012, pp. 4256-4268.
IEEE DOI Link 1208
BibRef
Earlier:
Text Detection in Natural Scene Images by Stroke Gabor Words,
ICDAR11(177-181).
IEEE DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Chen, M., Wu, W., Yang, X., He, X.,
Hidden-Markov-Model-Based Segmentation Confidence Applied to Container Code Character Extraction,
ITS(12), No. 4, December 2011, pp. 1147-1156.
IEEE DOI Link 1112
BibRef

Nirmala, S., Nagabhushan, P.,
Foreground text segmentation in complex color document images using Gabor filters,
SIViP(6), No. 4, November 2012, pp. 669-678.
WWW Version. 1210
BibRef

Minetto, R.[Rodrigo], Thome, N.[Nicolas], Cord, M.[Matthieu], Leite, N.J.[Neucimar J.], Stolfi, J.[Jorge],
T-HOG: An effective gradient-based descriptor for single line text regions,
PR(46), No. 3, March 2013, pp. 1078-1090.
Elsevier DOI Link 1212
Text detection; Text classification; Histogram of oriented gradients for text; Text descriptor BibRef

Shi, C.Z.[Cun-Zhao], Wang, C.H.[Chun-Heng], Xiao, B.H.[Bai-Hua], Zhang, Y.[Yang], Gao, S.[Song],
Scene text detection using graph model built upon maximally stable extremal regions,
PRL(34), No. 2, 15 January 2013, pp. 107-116.
Elsevier DOI Link 1212
Scene text detection; MSER; Graph model; Cost function; Graph cut BibRef

Yi, C.[Chucai], Tian, Y.[Yingli],
Text extraction from scene images by character appearance and structure modeling,
CVIU(117), No. 2, February 2013, pp. 182-194.
Elsevier DOI Link 1301
BibRef
Earlier:
Assistive Text Reading from Complex Background for Blind Persons,
CBDAR11(15-28).
Springer DOI Link 1204
Text detection; Scene image; Character appearance; Structure modeling; Structure difference; Structure component co-occurrence; Character identification BibRef

González, Á.[Álvaro], Bergasa, L.M.[Luis Miguel],
A text reading algorithm for natural images,
IVC(31), No. 3, March 2013, pp. 255-274.
Elsevier DOI Link 1303
Text detection; Text recognition; Character recognition; Character segmentation; Natural images; Scene text detection BibRef

Gonzalez, A.[Alvaro], Bergasa, L.M.[Luis M.], Yebes, J.J.[J. Javier], Bronte, S.[Sebastian],
A character recognition method in natural scene images,
ICPR12(621-624).
WWW Version. 1302
BibRef

Yang, S.B.[Shiueng-Bien], Wu, C.F.[Chi-Feng],
Locating Text in Images Based on the Smooth Gray-Level Detection,
IJIG(12), No. 4, October 2012, pp. 1250027.
DOI Link 1305
BibRef

Sun, L.[Lei], Huo, Q.A.[Qi-Ang],
A component-tree based method for user-intention guided text extraction,
ICPR12(633-636).
WWW Version. 1302
BibRef

Gonzalez, A.[Alvaro], Bergasa, L.M.[Luis M.], Yebes, J.J.[J. Javier], Bronte, S.[Sebastian],
Text location in complex images,
ICPR12(617-620).
WWW Version. 1302
BibRef

Phan, T.Q.[Trung Quy], Shivakumara, P.[Palaiahnakote], Tan, C.L.[Chew Lim],
Text detection in natural scenes using Gradient Vector Flow-Guided symmetry,
ICPR12(3296-3299).
WWW Version. 1302
BibRef

Zhang, Y.[Yong], Lai, J.H.[Jian-Huang],
Arbitrarily oriented text detection using geodesic distances between corners and skeletons,
ICPR12(1896-1899).
WWW Version. 1302
BibRef

Felhi, M.[Mehdi], Bonnier, N.[Nicolas], Tabbone, S.A.[Salvatore A.],
A skeleton based descriptor for detecting text in real scene images,
ICPR12(282-285).
WWW Version. 1302
BibRef

Yin, X.[Xuwang], Yin, X.C.[Xu-Cheng], Hao, H.W.[Hong-Wei], Iqbal, K.[Khalid],
Effective text localization in natural scene images with MSER, geometry-based grouping and AdaBoost,
ICPR12(725-728).
WWW Version. 1302
BibRef

Chowdhury, A.R.[Aruni Roy], Bhattacharya, U.[Ujjwal], Parui, S.K.[Swapan K.],
Scene text detection using sparse stroke information and MLP,
ICPR12(294-297).
WWW Version. 1302
BibRef

Su, B.[Bolan], Lu, S.[Shijian], Phan, T.Q.[Trung Quy], Tan, C.L.[Chew Lim],
Character extraction in web image for text recognition,
ICPR12(3042-3045).
WWW Version. 1302
BibRef

Li, Y.[Yao], Lu, H.C.[Hu-Chuan],
Scene text detection via stroke width,
ICPR12(681-684).
WWW Version. 1302
BibRef

Zhou, G.[Gang], Liu, Y.[Yuehu], Tian, Z.Q.[Zhi-Qiang],
Scene text detection with superpixels and hierarchical model,
ICIP12(1001-1004).
IEEE DOI Link 1302
BibRef

Du, Y.N.[Yu-Ning], Duan, G.Q.[Gen-Quan], Ai, H.Z.[Hai-Zhou],
Context-based text detection in natural scenes,
ICIP12(1857-1860).
IEEE DOI Link 1302
BibRef

Saabni, R.[Raid], Zwilling, M.[Moti],
Text Detection and Recognition in Real World Images,
FHR12(443-448).
IEEE DOI Link 1302
BibRef

Zhang, Y.[Yang], Wang, C.H.[Chun-Heng], Xiao, B.H.[Bai-Hua], Shi, C.Z.[Cun-Zhao],
A New Text Extraction Method Incorporating Local Information,
FHR12(252-255).
IEEE DOI Link 1302
BibRef

Kumar, G.[Gaurav], Shi, Z.[Zhixin], Setlur, S.[Srirangaraj], Govindaraju, V.[Venu], Ramachandrula, S.[Sitaram],
Keyword Spotting Framework Using Dynamic Background Model,
FHR12(582-587).
IEEE DOI Link 1302
BibRef

Ben-Ami, I.[Idan], Basha, T.[Tali], Avidan, S.[Shai],
Racing Bib Numbers Recognition,
BMVC12(19).
DOI Link 1301
BibRef

Yang, C.L.[Chun-Lei], Wong, P.C.[Pak Chung], Ribarsky, W.[William], Fan, J.P.[Jian-Ping],
Efficient graffiti image retrieval,
ICMR12(36).
DOI Link 1301
graffiti character recognition and retrieval BibRef

Sheshadri, K.[Karthik], Divvala, S.K.[Santosh K.],
Exemplar Driven Character Recognition in the Wild,
BMVC12(13).
DOI Link 1301
BibRef

Mosleh, A.[Ali], Bouguila, N.[Nizar], Hamza, A.B.[A. Ben],
Image Text Detection Using a Bandlet-Based Edge Detector and Stroke Width Transform,
BMVC12(63).
DOI Link 1301
BibRef

Mishra, A.[Anand], Alahari, K.[Karteek], Jawahar, C.V.,
Scene Text Recognition using Higher Order Language Priors,
BMVC12(127).
DOI Link 1301
BibRef
Earlier:
Top-down and bottom-up cues for scene text recognition,
CVPR12(2687-2694).
IEEE DOI Link 1208
BibRef

Novikova, T.[Tatiana], Barinova, O.[Olga], Kohli, P.[Pushmeet], Lempitsky, V.[Victor],
Large-Lexicon Attribute-Consistent Text Recognition in Natural Images,
ECCV12(VI: 752-765).
Springer DOI Link 1210
BibRef

Karaoglu, S.[Sezer], van Gemert, J.C.[Jan C.], Gevers, T.[Theo],
Object Reading: Text Recognition for Object Recognition,
Concept12(III: 456-465).
Springer DOI Link 1210
BibRef

Neumann, L.[Lukáš], Matas, J.[Jirí],
A Real-Time Scene Text to Speech System,
ECCVDemos12(III: 619-622).
Springer DOI Link 1210
BibRef

Yao, C.[Cong], Bai, X.[Xiang], Liu, W.Y.[Wen-Yu], Ma, Y.[Yi], Tu, Z.W.[Zhuo-Wen],
Detecting texts of arbitrary orientations in natural images,
CVPR12(1083-1090).
IEEE DOI Link 1208
BibRef

Neumann, L.[Lukas], Matas, J.[Jiri],
Real-time scene text localization and recognition,
CVPR12(3538-3545).
IEEE DOI Link 1208
BibRef

Kasar, T.[Thotreingam], Ramakrishnan, A.G.[Angarai G.],
Multi-script and Multi-oriented Text Localization from Scene Images,
CBDAR11(1-14).
Springer DOI Link 1204
BibRef

Zhou, G.[Gang], Liu, Y.H.[Yue-Hu], Tian, Z.Q.[Zhi-Qiang], Su, Y.Q.[Yuan-Qi],
A new hybrid method to detect text in natural scene,
ICIP11(2605-2608).
IEEE DOI Link 1201
BibRef

Tsai, S.S.[Sam S.], Chen, H.Z.[Hui-Zhong], Chen, D.[David], Schroth, G.[Georg], Grzeszczuk, R.[Radek], Girod, B.[Bernd],
Mobile visual search on printed documents using text and low bit-rate features,
ICIP11(2601-2604).
IEEE DOI Link 1201
BibRef

Chen, H.Z.[Hui-Zhong], Tsai, S.S.[Sam S.], Schroth, G.[Georg], Chen, D.M.[David M.], Grzeszczuk, R.[Radek], Girod, B.[Bernd],
Robust text detection in natural images with edge-enhanced Maximally Stable Extremal Regions,
ICIP11(2609-2612).
IEEE DOI Link 1201
BibRef

Rais, M.[Martin], Goussies, N.A.[Norberto A.], Mejail, M.[Marta],
Using Adaptive Run Length Smoothing Algorithm for Accurate Text Localization in Images,
CIARP11(149-156).
Springer DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Du, J.[Jun], Huo, Q.A.[Qi-Ang], Sun, L.[Lei], Sun, J.[Jian],
Snap and Translate Using Windows Phone,
ICDAR11(809-813).
IEEE DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Du, Y.[Yuning], Ai, H.Z.[Hai-Zhou], Lao, S.H.[Shi-Hong],
Dot Text Detection Based on FAST Points,
ICDAR11(435-439).
IEEE DOI Link 1111
Not strokes, but dots. BibRef

Gleichman, S.[Sivan], Ophir, B.[Boaz], Geva, A.[Amir], Marder, M.[Mattias], Barkan, E.[Ella], Packer, E.[Eli],
Detection and Segmentation of Antialiased Text in Screen Images,
ICDAR11(424-428).
IEEE DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Wang, T.[Tao], Wu, D.J.[David J.], Coates, A.[Adam], Ng, A.Y.[Andrew Y.],
End-to-end text recognition with convolutional neural networks,
ICPR12(3304-3308).
WWW Version. 1302
BibRef

Coates, A.[Adam], Carpenter, B.[Blake], Case, C.[Carl], Satheesh, S.[Sanjeev], Suresh, B.[Bipin], Wang, T.[Tao], Wu, D.J.[David J.], Ng, A.Y.[Andrew Y.],
Text Detection and Character Recognition in Scene Images with Unsupervised Feature Learning,
ICDAR11(440-445).
IEEE DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Pan, Y.F.[Yi-Feng], Zhu, Y.[Yuanping], Sun, J.[Jun], Naoi, S.[Satoshi],
Improving Scene Text Detection by Scale-Adaptive Segmentation and Weighted CRF Verification,
ICDAR11(759-763).
IEEE DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Uchida, S.[Seiichi], Shigeyoshi, Y.[Yuki], Kunishige, Y.[Yasuhiro], Yaokai, F.[Feng],
A Keypoint-Based Approach toward Scenery Character Detection,
ICDAR11(819-823).
IEEE DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Kunishige, Y.[Yasuhiro], Yaokai, F.[Feng], Uchida, S.[Seiichi],
Scenery Character Detection with Environmental Context,
ICDAR11(1049-1053).
IEEE DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Yamazoe, T.[Takafumi], Etoh, M.[Minoru], Yoshimura, T.[Takeshi], Tsujino, K.[Kousuke],
Hypothesis Preservation Approach to Scene Text Recognition with Weighted Finite-State Transducer,
ICDAR11(359-363).
IEEE DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Lee, J.J.[Jung-Jin], Lee, P.H.[Pyoung-Hean], Lee, S.W.[Seong-Whan], Yuille, A.L.[Alan L.], Koch, C.[Christof],
AdaBoost for Text Detection in Natural Scene,
ICDAR11(429-434).
IEEE DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Liu, J.[Jie], Li, H.P.[He-Ping], Zhang, S.[Shuwu], Liang, W.[Wei],
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ICDAR11(1359-1363).
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ICDAR11(1039-1043).
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ICDAR11(1491-1496).
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Automatic Bus Line Number Localization and Recognition on Mobile Phones: A Computer Vision Aid for the Visually Impaired,
CIAP11(II: 323-332).
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Fragoso, V.[Victor], Gauglitz, S.[Steffen], Zamora, S.[Shane], Kleban, J.[Jim], Turk, M.[Matthew],
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IVCNZ10(1-7).
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DICTA10(635-642).
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Pan, Y.F.[Yi-Feng], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin], Hou, X.W.[Xin-Wen],
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ICIP10(2269-2272).
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MVA09(94-).
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Lee, S.H.[Seong-Hun], Cho, M.S.[Min Su], Jung, K.[Kyomin], Kim, J.H.[Jin Hyung],
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ECCV10(I: 591-604).
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CVPR10(2963-2970).
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Text Segmentation in Colour Posters from the Spanish Civil War Era,
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ICPR10(1969-1972).
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Earlier:
Spatial and Spectral Based Segmentation of Text in Multispectral Images of Ancient Documents,
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Earlier:
Texture and Profile Features for Drawing Media Recognition in Underdrawings,
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ICIP09(2373-2376).
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Pégeot, F.[Faustin], Goto, H.[Hideaki],
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Read text. BibRef

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Usage-Oriented Performance Evaluation for Text Localization Algorithms,
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Subramanian, K., Natarajan, P., Decerbo, M., Castanon, D.,
Character-Stroke Detection for Text-Localization and Extraction,
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Finding Text in Natural Scenes by Figure-Ground Segmentation,
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Iwatsuka, K., Yamamoto, K., Kato, K.,
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Development of a guide dog system for the blind with character recognition ability,
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Jin, N.[Ning], Tang, Y.Y.,
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Chapter on OCR, Document Analysis and Character Recognition Systems continues in
Recognize Text from Signs in General Scenes .