23.2.7.1 Formulas, Equations, Mathematical Expressions

Chapter Contents (Back)
OCR. Equation Recognition.

Belaid, A., Haton, J.P.,
A Syntactic Approach for Handwritten Mathematical Formula Recognition,
PAMI(6), No. 1, January 1984, pp. 105-111. BibRef 8401

Lee, H.J.[Hsi-Jian], Lee, M.C.[Min-Chou],
Understanding mathematical expressions using procedure-oriented transformation,
PR(27), No. 3, March 1994, pp. 447-457.
WWW Version. 0401
BibRef

Dimitriadis, Y.A., Coronado, J.L.,
Towards an Art Based Mathematical Editor, That Uses Online Handwritten Symbol Recognition,
PR(28), No. 6, June 1995, pp. 807-822.
WWW Version. BibRef 9506

Fateman, R.J., Tokuyasu, T., Berman, B.P., Mitchell, N.,
Optical Character-Recognition and Parsing of Typeset Mathematics,
JVCIR(7), No. 1, March 1996, pp. 2-15. BibRef 9603

Lee, H.J., Wang, J.S.,
Design of a Mathematical Expression Understanding System,
PRL(18), No. 3, March 1997, pp. 289-298. 9706
BibRef

Chan, K.F.[Kam-Fai], Yeung, D.Y.[Dit-Yan],
An efficient syntactic approach to structural analysis of on-line handwritten mathematical expressions,
PR(33), No. 3, March 2000, pp. 375-384.
WWW Version. 0001
BibRef

Chan, K.F.[Kam-Fai], Yeung, D.Y.[Dit-Yan],
Mathematical Expression Recognition: A Survey,
IJDAR(3), No. 1, 2000, pp. 3-15. Survey, Graphics Recognition. BibRef 0001

Chaudhuri, B.B., Garain, U.,
An Approach for Recognition and Interpretation of Mathematical Expressions in Printed Document,
PAA(3), No. 2, 2000, pp. 120-131. 0010
BibRef

Garain, U., Chaudhuri, B.B.,
A Syntactic Approach for Processing Mathematical Expressions in Printed Documents,
ICPR00(Vol IV: 523-526).
IEEE DOI Link
HTML Version. 0009
BibRef

Garain, U., Chaudhuri, B.B.,
Recognition of Online Handwritten Mathematical Expressions,
SMC-B(34), No. 6, December 2004, pp. 2366-2376.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0412
BibRef
Earlier:
On machine understanding of online handwritten mathematical expressions,
ICDAR03(349-353).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311
BibRef

Garain, U., Chaudhuri, B.B., Ghosh, R.P.,
A multiple-classifier system for recognition of printed mathematical symbols,
ICPR04(I: 380-383).
IEEE DOI Link 0409
BibRef

Garain, U., Chaudhuri, B.B., Chaudhuri, A.R.,
Identification of embedded mathematical expressions in scanned documents,
ICPR04(I: 384-387).
IEEE DOI Link 0409
BibRef

Mitra, J., Garain, U., Chaudhuri, B.B., Swamy, H.V.K., Pal, T.,
Automatic understanding of structures in printed mathematical expressions,
ICDAR03(540-544).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311
BibRef

Chan, K.F.[Kam-Fai], Yeung, D.Y.[Dit-Yan],
Error detection, error correction and performance evaluation in on-line mathematical expression recognition,
PR(34), No. 8, August 2001, pp. 1671-1684.
WWW Version. 0105
BibRef

Kacem, A., Belaïd, A., Ahmed, M.B.[M. Ben],
Automatic extraction of printed mathematical formulas using fuzzy logic and propagation of context,
IJDAR(4), No. 2 2001, pp. 97-108.
HTML Version. 0201
BibRef

Zanibbi, R.[Richard], Blostein, D.[Dorothea], Cordy, J.R.[James R.],
Recognizing Mathematical Expressions Using Tree Transformation,
PAMI(24), No. 11, November 2002, pp. 1455-1467.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0211
Three pass analysis from list of symbols and locations. Layout, Lexical (turn into LaTeX expression), Expression Analysis. BibRef

Garain, U.[Utpal], Chaudhuri, B.B.,
A corpus for OCR research on mathematical expressions,
IJDAR(7), No. 4, September 2005, pp. 241-259.
Springer DOI Link 0512
BibRef

Vuong, B.Q.[Ba-Quy], Hui, S.C.[Siu-Cheung], He, Y.L.[Yu-Lan],
Progressive structural analysis for dynamic recognition of on-line handwritten mathematical expressions,
PRL(29), No. 5, 1 April 2008, pp. 647-655.
WWW Version. 0802
BibRef
And: Erratum: PRL(29), No. 9, 1 July 2008, pp. 1454.
WWW Version. 0711
Progressive structural analysis; Structural analysis; Mathematical expressions recognition; Mathematical expression tree; Grouping determination BibRef

Malon, C.[Christopher], Uchida, S.[Seiichi], Suzuki, M.[Masakazu],
Mathematical symbol recognition with support vector machines,
PRL(29), No. 9, 1 July 2008, pp. 1326-1332.
WWW Version. 0711
BibRef
Earlier:
Support Vector Machines for Mathematical Symbol Recognition,
SSPR06(136-144).
Springer DOI Link 0608
Support vector machine; OCR; Mathematical document; Mathematical symbol recognition BibRef

Rhee, T.H.[Taik Heon], Kim, J.H.[Jin Hyung],
Efficient search strategy in structural analysis for handwritten mathematical expression recognition,
PR(42), No. 12, December 2009, pp. 3192-3201,.
Elsevier DOI Link
WWW Version. 0909
Handwritten mathematical expression recognition; Structural analysis; Layered search tree; Admissible heuristic; Delayed decision of symbol identity BibRef

Mace, S.[Sebastien], Anquetil, E.[Eric],
Eager interpretation of on-line hand-drawn structured documents: The DALI methodology,
PR(42), No. 12, December 2009, pp. 3202-3214,.
Elsevier DOI Link
WWW Version. 0909
On-line structured documents; Hand-drawn shapes; Eager interpretation; Visual grammar; Incremental parsing; Fuzzy set framework BibRef

Aly, W.[Walaa], Uchida, S.[Seiichi], Suzuki, M.[Masakazu],
Automatic Classification of Spatial Relationships among Mathematical Symbols Using Geometric Features,
IEICE(E92-D), No. 11, November 2009, pp. 2235-2243.
WWW Version. 0911
BibRef

Aly, W.[Walaa], Uchida, S.[Seiichi], Fujiyoshi, A.[Akio], Suzuki, M.[Masakazu],
Statistical Classification of Spatial Relationships among Mathematical Symbols,
ICDAR09(1350-1354).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef


Wang, X.[Xin], Shi, G.S.[Guang-Shun], Yang, J.F.[Ju-Feng],
The Understanding and Structure Analyzing for Online Handwritten Chemical Formulas,
ICDAR09(1056-1060).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Lapointe, A.[Adrien], Blostein, D.[Dorothea],
Issues in Performance Evaluation: A Case Study of Math Recognition,
ICDAR09(1355-1359).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Garain, U.[Utpal],
Identification of Mathematical Expressions in Document Images,
ICDAR09(1340-1344).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Chang, M.[Ming], Han, S.[Shi], Zhang, D.M.[Dong-Mei],
A Unified Framework for Recognizing Handwritten Chemical Expressions,
ICDAR09(1345-1349).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Santosh, K.C., Lamiroy, B.[Bart], Ropers, J.P.[Jean-Philippe],
Inductive Logic Programming for Symbol Recognition,
ICDAR09(1330-1334).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Luqman, M.M.[Muhammad Muzzamil], Brouard, T.[Thierry], Ramel, J.Y.[Jean-Yves],
Graphic Symbol Recognition Using Graph Based Signature and Bayesian Network Classifier,
ICDAR09(1325-1329).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Fujiyoshi, A.[Akio], Suzuki, M.[Masakazu], Uchida, S.[Seiichi],
Syntactic Detection and Correction of Misrecognitions in Mathematical OCR,
ICDAR09(1360-1364).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Kim, K.[Kang], Rhee, T.H.[Taik Heon], Lee, J.S.[Jae Seung], Kim, J.H.[Jin Hyung],
Utilizing Consistency Context for Handwritten Mathematical Expression Recognition,
ICDAR09(1051-1055).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Awal, A.M.[Ahmad-Montaser], Mouchère, H.[Harold], Viard-Gaudin, C.[Christian],
Towards Handwritten Mathematical Expression Recognition,
ICDAR09(1046-1050).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Marinai, S.[Simone], Miotti, B.[Beatrice], Soda, G.[Giovanni],
Mathematical Symbol Indexing Using Topologically Ordered Clusters of Shape Contexts,
ICDAR09(1041-1045).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Le Bodic, P.[Pierre], Locteau, H.[Hervé], Adam, S.[Sébastien], Héroux, P.[Pierre], Lecourtier, Y.[Yves], Knippel, A.[Arnaud],
Symbol Detection Using Region Adjacency Graphs and Integer Linear Programming,
ICDAR09(1320-1324).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Yang, J.F.[Ju-Feng], Shi, G.S.[Guang-Shun], Wang, K.[Kai], Geng, Q.[Qian], Wang, Q.R.[Qing-Ren],
A study of on-line handwritten chemical expressions recognition,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI Link 0812
BibRef

Li, C.J.[Chuan-Jun], Zeleznik, R.[Robert], Miller, T.[Timothy], LaViola, J.J.[Joseph J.],
Online recognition of handwritten mathematical expressions with support for matrices,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI Link 0812
BibRef

Pruša, D.[Daniel], Hlavác, V.[Václav],
Structural Construction for On-Line Mathematical Formulae Recognition,
CIARP08(317-324).
Springer DOI Link 0809
BibRef
Earlier:
Mathematical Formulae Recognition Using 2D Grammars,
ICDAR07(849-853).
IEEE DOI Link 0709
BibRef

Fitzgerald, J., Geiselbrechtinger, F., Kechadi, T.,
Mathpad: A Fuzzy Logic-Based Recognition System for Handwritten Mathematics,
ICDAR07(694-698).
IEEE DOI Link 0709
BibRef

Shi, Y.[Yu], Soong, F.K.[Frank K.],
A symbol graph based handwritten math expression recognition,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI Link 0812
BibRef

Shi, Y.[Yu], Li, H.Y.[Hai-Yang], Soong, F.K.[Frank K.],
A Unified Framework for Symbol Segmentation and Recognition of Handwritten Mathematical Expressions,
ICDAR07(854-858).
IEEE DOI Link 0709
BibRef

Guo, Y., Huang, L., Liu, C., Jiang, X.,
An Automatic Mathematical Expression Understanding System,
ICDAR07(719-723).
IEEE DOI Link 0709
BibRef

Chang, T.Y.[Tzu-Yuan], Takiguchi, Y.[Yusuke], Okada, M.[Minoru],
Physical Structure Segmentation with Projection Profile for Mathematic Formulae and Graphics in Academic Paper Images,
ICDAR07(1193-1197).
IEEE DOI Link 0709
BibRef

Smirnova, E., Watt, S.,
Aspects of Mathematical Expression Analysis in Arabic Handwriting,
ICDAR07(1183-1187).
IEEE DOI Link 0709
BibRef

Takiguchi, Y.[Yusuke], Okada, M.[Minoru], Miyake, Y.[Yasuji],
A Study on Character Recognition Error Correction at Higher Level Recognition Step for Mathematical Formulae Understanding,
ICPR06(II: 966-969).
WWW Version. 0609
BibRef

Ashida, K., Okamoto, M., Imai, H., Nakatsuka, T.,
Performance Evaluation of a Mathematical Formula Recognition System with a large scale of printed formula images,
DIAL06(320-331).
IEEE DOI Link 0604
BibRef

Okamoto, M., Miyazaki, A.,
An Experimental Implementation of a Document Recognition System for Papers Containing Mathematical Expressions,
SDIA92(xx-yy). BibRef 9200

Okamoto, M., Imai, H., Takagi, K.,
Performance evaluation of a robust method for mathematical expression recognition,
ICDAR01(121-128).
IEEE DOI Link 0109
BibRef

Kanahori, T., Suzuki, M.,
Refinement of digitized documents through recognition of mathematical formulae,
DIAL06(297-302).
IEEE DOI Link 0604
BibRef

Kanahori, T., Suzuki, M.,
Detection of matrices and segmentation of matrix elements in scanned images of scientific documents,
ICDAR03(433-437).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311
BibRef

Toyota, S.[Seiichi], Uchida, S.[Seiichi], Suzuki, M.[Masakazu],
Structural Analysis of Mathematical Formulae with Verification Based on Formula Description Grammar,
DAS06(153-163).
Springer DOI Link 0602
BibRef

Takiguchi, Y., Okada, M., Miyake, Y.,
A fundamental study of output translation from layout recognition and semantic understanding system for mathematical formulae,
ICDAR05(II: 745-749).
IEEE DOI Link 0508
BibRef

Drake, D.M., Baird, H.S.,
Distinguishing mathematics notation from English text using computational geometry,
ICDAR05(II: 1270-1274).
IEEE DOI Link 0508
BibRef

Sexton, A.P., Sorge, V.,
Semantic analysis of matrix structures,
ICDAR05(II: 1141-1145).
IEEE DOI Link 0508
BibRef

Zhang, L.[Ling], Blostein, D., Zanibbi, R.,
Using fuzzy logic to analyze superscript and subscript relations in handwritten mathematical expressions,
ICDAR05(II: 972-976).
IEEE DOI Link 0508
BibRef

Zanibbi, R., Blostein, D., Cordy, J.R.,
Baseline structure analysis of handwritten mathematics notation,
ICDAR01(768-773).
IEEE DOI Link 0109
BibRef

Watt, S.M., Xie, X.F.[Xiao-Fang],
Recognition for large sets of handwritten mathematical symbols,
ICDAR05(II: 740-744).
IEEE DOI Link 0508
BibRef

Garain, U.[Utpal], Chaudhuri, B.B.,
Segmentation of touching symbols for OCR of printed mathematical expressions: an approach based on multifactorial analysis,
ICDAR05(I: 177-181).
IEEE DOI Link 0508
See also Segmentation of touching characters in printed Devnagari and Bangla scripts using fuzzy multifactorial analysis. BibRef

Hse, H., Newton, A.R.,
Sketched symbol recognition using zernike moments,
ICPR04(I: 367-370).
IEEE DOI Link 0409
BibRef

Toyozumi, K., Yamada, N., Kitasaka, T., Mori, K., Suenaga, Y., Mase, K., Takahashi, T.,
A study of symbol segmentation method for handwritten mathematical formula recognition using mathematical structure information,
ICPR04(II: 630-633).
IEEE DOI Link 0409
BibRef

Pearce, S., Ahmed, M.,
An evolutionary algorithm for general symbol segmentation,
ICDAR03(726-730).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311
BibRef

Delalandre, M., Nicolas, S., Trupin, E., Ogier, J.M.,
Symbols recognition by global-local structural approaches, based on the scenarios use,and with a XML representation of data,
ICDAR03(1002-1006).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311
BibRef

Jin, J.M.[Jian-Ming], Han, X.[Xionghu], Wang, Q.R.[Qing-Ren],
Mathematical formulas extraction,
ICDAR03(1138-1141).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311
BibRef

Stoffel, A.[Andreas], Tapia, E.[Ernesto], Rojas, R.[Raúl],
Recognition of On-Line Handwritten Commutative Diagrams,
ICDAR09(1211-1215).
IEEE DOI Link 0907
BibRef

Tapia, E.[Ernesto], Rojas, R.[Raúl],
Recognition of on-line handwritten mathematical expressions in the E-Chalk system: An extension,
ICDAR05(II: 1206-1210).
IEEE DOI Link 0508
BibRef
Earlier:
Recognition of on-line handwritten mathematical formulas in the E-chalk system,
ICDAR03(980-984).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311
BibRef

Eto, Y., Suzuki, M.,
Mathematical formula recognition using virtual link network,
ICDAR01(762-767).
IEEE DOI Link 0109
BibRef

Kacem, A., Belaid, A., Ben Ahmed, M.,
Embedded Formulas Extraction,
ICPR00(Vol I: 676-680).
IEEE DOI Link
HTML Version. 0009
BibRef

Kosmala, A., Rigoll, G., Brakensiek, A.,
On-line Handwritten Formula Recognition with Integrated Correction Recognition and Execution,
ICPR00(Vol II: 590-593).
IEEE DOI Link
HTML Version. 0009
BibRef

Kosmala, A.[Andreas], Rigoll, G.[Gerhard],
On-Line Handwritten Formula Recognition Using Statistical Methods,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1306-1308).
IEEE DOI Link 9808
BibRef

Suzuki, T., Aoshima, S., Mori, K., Suenaga, Y.,
A New System for the Real-time Recognition of Handwritten Mathematical Formulas,
ICPR00(Vol IV: 515-518).
IEEE DOI Link
HTML Version. 0009
BibRef

Toyozumi, K., Suzuki, T., Mori, K., Suenaga, Y.,
A system for real-time recognition of handwritten mathematical formulas,
ICDAR01(1059-1063).
IEEE DOI Link 0109
BibRef

Miller, E.G.[Erik G.], and Viola, P.A.[Paul A.],
Ambiguity and Constraint in Mathematical Expression Recognition,
AAAI-98(xx).
Postscript Version. And
PDF Version. BibRef 9800

Zhao, X., Liu, X., Zheng, S., Pan, B., Tang, Y.Y.,
On-Line Recognition of Handwritten Mathematical Symbols,
ICDAR97(Poste) 9708
BibRef

Lavirotte, S., Pottier, L.,
Optical Formula Recognition,
ICDAR97(Tu-2C) 9708
BibRef

Wang, Z.X., Faure, C.,
Structural Analysis of Handwritten Mathematical Expressions,
ICPR88(I: 32-34).
IEEE DOI Link
IEEE Top Reference. BibRef 8800

Chapter on OCR, Document Analysis and Character Recognition Systems continues in
Analysis of Graphics, Symbols, Trademarks, Logos .


Last update:Nov 16, 2009 at 19:35:14