23.2.7.1 Formulas, Equations, Mathematical Expressions

Belaid, A., Haton, J.P.,
A Syntactic Approach for Handwritten Mathematical Formula Recognition,
PAMI(6), No. 1, January 1984, pp. 105-111. BibRef 8401

Lee, H.J.[Hsi-Jian], Lee, M.C.[Min-Chou],
Understanding mathematical expressions using procedure-oriented transformation,
PR(27), No. 3, March 1994, pp. 447-457.
WWW Version. 0401 BibRef

Dimitriadis, Y.A., Coronado, J.L.,
Towards an Art Based Mathematical Editor, That Uses Online Handwritten Symbol Recognition,
PR(28), No. 6, June 1995, pp. 807-822.
WWW Version. BibRef 9506

Fateman, R.J., Tokuyasu, T., Berman, B.P., Mitchell, N.,
Optical Character-Recognition and Parsing of Typeset Mathematics,
JVCIR(7), No. 1, March 1996, pp. 2-15. BibRef 9603

Lee, H.J., Wang, J.S.,
Design of a Mathematical Expression Understanding System,
PRL(18), No. 3, March 1997, pp. 289-298. 9706 BibRef

Chan, K.F.[Kam-Fai], Yeung, D.Y.[Dit-Yan],
An efficient syntactic approach to structural analysis of on-line handwritten mathematical expressions,
PR(33), No. 3, March 2000, pp. 375-384.
WWW Version. 0001 BibRef

Chan, K.F.[Kam-Fai], Yeung, D.Y.[Dit-Yan],
Mathematical Expression Recognition: A Survey,
IJDAR(3), No. 1, 2000, pp. 3-15. Survey, Graphics Recognition. BibRef 0001

Chaudhuri, B.B., Garain, U.,
An Approach for Recognition and Interpretation of Mathematical Expressions in Printed Document,
PAA(3), No. 2, 2000, pp. 120-131. 0010 BibRef

Garain, U., Chaudhuri, B.B.,
A Syntactic Approach for Processing Mathematical Expressions in Printed Documents,
ICPR00(Vol IV: 523-526).
WWW Version.
HTML Version. 0009 BibRef

Garain, U., Chaudhuri, B.B.,
Recognition of Online Handwritten Mathematical Expressions,
SMC-B(34), No. 6, December 2004, pp. 2366-2376.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0412 BibRef
Earlier:
On machine understanding of online handwritten mathematical expressions,
ICDAR03(349-353).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311 BibRef

Garain, U., Chaudhuri, B.B., Ghosh, R.P.,
A multiple-classifier system for recognition of printed mathematical symbols,
ICPR04(I: 380-383).
WWW Version. 0409 BibRef

Garain, U., Chaudhuri, B.B., Chaudhuri, A.R.,
Identification of embedded mathematical expressions in scanned documents,
ICPR04(I: 384-387).
WWW Version. 0409 BibRef

Mitra, J., Garain, U., Chaudhuri, B.B., Swamy, H.V.K., Pal, T.,
Automatic understanding of structures in printed mathematical expressions,
ICDAR03(540-544).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311 BibRef

Chan, K.F.[Kam-Fai], Yeung, D.Y.[Dit-Yan],
Error detection, error correction and performance evaluation in on-line mathematical expression recognition,
PR(34), No. 8, August 2001, pp. 1671-1684.
WWW Version. 0105 BibRef

Kacem, A., Belaïd, A., Ahmed, M.B.[M. Ben],
Automatic extraction of printed mathematical formulas using fuzzy logic and propagation of context,
IJDAR(4), No. 2 2001, pp. 97-108.
HTML Version. 0201 BibRef

Zanibbi, R.[Richard], Blostein, D.[Dorothea], Cordy, J.R.[James R.],
Recognizing Mathematical Expressions Using Tree Transformation,
PAMI(24), No. 11, November 2002, pp. 1455-1467.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0211Three pass analysis from list of symbols and locations. Layout, Lexical (turn into LaTeX expression), Expression Analysis. BibRef

Garain, U.[Utpal], Chaudhuri, B.B.,
A corpus for OCR research on mathematical expressions,
IJDAR(7), No. 4, September 2005, pp. 241-259.
WWW Version. 0512 BibRef

Vuong, B.Q.[Ba-Quy], Hui, S.C.[Siu-Cheung], He, Y.L.[Yu-Lan],
Progressive structural analysis for dynamic recognition of on-line handwritten mathematical expressions,
PRL(29), No. 5, 1 April 2008, pp. 647-655.
WWW Version. 0802 BibRef
And: Erratum: PRL(29), No. 9, 1 July 2008, pp. 1454.
WWW Version. 0711Progressive structural analysis; Structural analysis; Mathematical expressions recognition; Mathematical expression tree; Grouping determination BibRef

Shi, Y.[Yu], Li, H.Y.[Hai-Yang], Soong, F.K.[Frank K.],
A Unified Framework for Symbol Segmentation and Recognition of Handwritten Mathematical Expressions,
ICDAR07(854-858).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Guo, Y., Huang, L., Liu, C., Jiang, X.,
An Automatic Mathematical Expression Understanding System,
ICDAR07(719-723).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Chang, T.Y.[Tzu-Yuan], Takiguchi, Y.[Yusuke], Okada, M.[Minoru],
Physical Structure Segmentation with Projection Profile for Mathematic Formulae and Graphics in Academic Paper Images,
ICDAR07(1193-1197).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Prua, D., Hlavac, V.,
Mathematical Formulae Recognition Using 2D Grammars,
ICDAR07(849-853).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Smirnova, E., Watt, S.,
Aspects of Mathematical Expression Analysis in Arabic Handwriting,
ICDAR07(1183-1187).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Takiguchi, Y.[Yusuke], Okada, M.[Minoru], Miyake, Y.[Yasuji],
A Study on Character Recognition Error Correction at Higher Level Recognition Step for Mathematical Formulae Understanding,
ICPR06(II: 966-969).
WWW Version. 0609 BibRef

Ashida, K., Okamoto, M., Imai, H., Nakatsuka, T.,
Performance Evaluation of a Mathematical Formula Recognition System with a large scale of printed formula images,
DIAL06(320-331).
WWW Version. 0604 BibRef

Okamoto, M., Imai, H., Takagi, K.,
Performance evaluation of a robust method for mathematical expression recognition,
ICDAR01(121-128).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Kanahori, T., Suzuki, M.,
Refinement of digitized documents through recognition of mathematical formulae,
DIAL06(297-302).
WWW Version. 0604 BibRef

Kanahori, T., Suzuki, M.,
Detection of matrices and segmentation of matrix elements in scanned images of scientific documents,
ICDAR03(433-437).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311 BibRef

Toyota, S.[Seiichi], Uchida, S.[Seiichi], Suzuki, M.[Masakazu],
Structural Analysis of Mathematical Formulae with Verification Based on Formula Description Grammar,
DAS06(153-163).
WWW Version. 0602 BibRef

Takiguchi, Y., Okada, M., Miyake, Y.,
A fundamental study of output translation from layout recognition and semantic understanding system for mathematical formulae,
ICDAR05(II: 745-749).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Drake, D.M., Baird, H.S.,
Distinguishing mathematics notation from English text using computational geometry,
ICDAR05(II: 1270-1274).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Sexton, A.P., Sorge, V.,
Semantic analysis of matrix structures,
ICDAR05(II: 1141-1145).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Zhang, L.[Ling], Blostein, D., Zanibbi, R.,
Using fuzzy logic to analyze superscript and subscript relations in handwritten mathematical expressions,
ICDAR05(II: 972-976).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Zanibbi, R., Blostein, D., Cordy, J.R.,
Baseline structure analysis of handwritten mathematics notation,
ICDAR01(768-773).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Watt, S.M., Xie, X.F.[Xiao-Fang],
Recognition for large sets of handwritten mathematical symbols,
ICDAR05(II: 740-744).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Garain, U.[Utpal], Chaudhuri, B.B.,
Segmentation of touching symbols for OCR of printed mathematical expressions: an approach based on multifactorial analysis,
ICDAR05(I: 177-181).
WWW Version. 0508 See also Segmentation of touching characters in printed Devnagari and Bangla scripts using fuzzy multifactorial analysis. BibRef

Hse, H., Newton, A.R.,
Sketched symbol recognition using zernike moments,
ICPR04(I: 367-370).
WWW Version. 0409 BibRef

Toyozumi, K., Yamada, N., Kitasaka, T., Mori, K., Suenaga, Y., Mase, K., Takahashi, T.,
A study of symbol segmentation method for handwritten mathematical formula recognition using mathematical structure information,
ICPR04(II: 630-633).
WWW Version. 0409 BibRef

Pearce, S., Ahmed, M.,
An evolutionary algorithm for general symbol segmentation,
ICDAR03(726-730).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311 BibRef

Delalandre, M., Nicolas, S., Trupin, E., Ogier, J.M.,
Symbols recognition by global-local structural approaches, based on the scenarios use,and with a XML representation of data,
ICDAR03(1002-1006).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311 BibRef

Jin, J.M.[Jian-Ming], Han, X.[Xionghu], Wang, Q.R.[Qing-Ren],
Mathematical formulas extraction,
ICDAR03(1138-1141).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311 BibRef

Tapia, E., Rojas, R.,
Recognition of on-line handwritten mathematical expressions in the E-Chalk system: An extension,
ICDAR05(II: 1206-1210).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef
Earlier:
Recognition of on-line handwritten mathematical formulas in the E-chalk system,
ICDAR03(980-984).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311 BibRef

Eto, Y., Suzuki, M.,
Mathematical formula recognition using virtual link network,
ICDAR01(762-767).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Kacem, A., Belaid, A., Ben Ahmed, M.,
Embedded Formulas Extraction,
ICPR00(Vol I: 676-680).
WWW Version.
HTML Version. 0009 BibRef

Kosmala, A., Rigoll, G., Brakensiek, A.,
On-line Handwritten Formula Recognition with Integrated Correction Recognition and Execution,
ICPR00(Vol II: 590-593).
WWW Version.
HTML Version. 0009 BibRef

Kosmala, A.[Andreas], Rigoll, G.[Gerhard],
On-Line Handwritten Formula Recognition Using Statistical Methods,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1306-1308).
WWW Version. 9808 BibRef

Suzuki, T., Aoshima, S., Mori, K., Suenaga, Y.,
A New System for the Real-time Recognition of Handwritten Mathematical Formulas,
ICPR00(Vol IV: 515-518).
WWW Version.
HTML Version. 0009 BibRef

Toyozumi, K., Suzuki, T., Mori, K., Suenaga, Y.,
A system for real-time recognition of handwritten mathematical formulas,
ICDAR01(1059-1063).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Miller, E.G.[Erik G.], and Viola, P.A.[Paul A.],
Ambiguity and Constraint in Mathematical Expression Recognition,
AAAI-98(xx).
Postscript Version. And
PDF Version. BibRef 9800

Zhao, X., Liu, X., Zheng, S., Pan, B., Tang, Y.Y.,
On-Line Recognition of Handwritten Mathematical Symbols,
ICDAR97(Poste) 9708 BibRef

Lavirotte, S., Pottier, L.,
Optical Formula Recognition,
ICDAR97(Tu-2C) 9708 BibRef

Wang, Z.X., Faure, C.,
Structural Analysis of Handwritten Mathematical Expressions,
ICPR88(I: 32-34).
WWW Version.
IEEE Top Reference. BibRef 8800

Chapter on OCR, Document Analysis and Character Recognition Systems continues in
Analysis of Graphics, Symbols, Trademarks, Logos .