4.8.4 Grouping, Figure-Ground, Background, Foreground

Chapter Contents (Back)
Human Vision. Grouping, Perceptual. Perceptual Grouping. Background. Foreground. See also Background Detection, Background Model. See also Moving Object Extraction, Using Models or Analysis of Regions.

Herault, L., and Horaud, R.,
Figure-Ground Discrimination: A Combinatorial Approach,
PAMI(15), No. 9, September 1993, pp. 899-914.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 9309
Earlier:
Figure-Ground Discrimination by Mean Field Annealing,
ECCV92(58-66).
Springer DOI Link Finding lines and curves in noisy edge images. BibRef

Spann, M.,
Figure/Ground Separation Using Stochastic Pyramid Relinking,
PR(24), No. 10, 1991, pp. 993-1002.
WWW Version. BibRef 9100

Everson, R., Knight, B.W., Sirovich, L.,
Separating Spatially Distributed Response to Stimulation from Background I: Optical Imaging,
BioCyber(77), No. 6, December 1997, pp. 407-417. 9801
BibRef

Amir, A.[Arnon], Lindenbaum, M.[Michael],
Ground from Figure Discrimination,
CVIU(76), No. 1, October 1999, pp. 7-18. BibRef 9910
Earlier: CVPR98(521-527).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. See also Comments on ground from figure discrimination. BibRef

Zhang, J., Gao, J., Liu, J.,
Figure-Ground Separation by a Dynamical System,
IP(8), No. 1, January 1999, pp. 115-122.
IEEE DOI Link BibRef 9901

Zhang, J.[Jun], Lin, J.H.[Jian-Hua],
Figure-ground separation by a neural dynamical system,
ICIP95(II: 615-618).
IEEE DOI Link 9510
BibRef

Beyerer, J., Leon, F.P.,
Adaptive Separation of Random Lines and Background,
OptEng(37), No. 10, October 1998, pp. 2733-2741. 9810
BibRef

Caselles, V.[Vicent], Coll, B.[Bartomeu], Morel, J.M.[Jean-Michel],
Topographic Maps and Local Contrast Changes in Natural Images,
IJCV(33), No. 1, September 1999, pp. 5-27.
WWW Version. Topographic map: contrast invariant representation of the image. Occlusion/Transparency analysis of the image formation and analysis. BibRef 9909

Coll, B.[Bartomeu], Froment, J.[Jacques],
Topographic Maps of Color Images,
ICPR00(Vol III: 609-612).
IEEE DOI Link 0009
Way to represent an image -- segmentation. BibRef

Carvalho, B.M.[Bruno M.], Gau, C.J.[C. Jose], Herman, G.T.[Gabor T.], Kong, T.Y.[T. Yung],
Algorithms for Fuzzy Segmentation,
PAA(2), No. 1, 1999, pp. 73-81. BibRef 9900

Herman, G.T.[Gabor T.], Carvalho, B.M.[Bruno M.],
Multiseeded Segmentation Using Fuzzy Connectedness,
PAMI(23), No. 5, May 2001, pp. 460-474.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 0105
Segment an object from the background with noise. BibRef

Kellner, C.R.[Charles R.],
Method and apparatus for unencumbered capture of an object,
US_Patent6,101,289, Aug 8, 2000
WWW Version. controlled environment to do background BibRef 0008

Naoi, S.[Satoshi], Egawa, H.[Hiroichi], Shiohara, M.[Morito],
Image processing apparatus,
US_Patent6,141,435, Oct 31, 2000
WWW Version. BibRef 0010
And: US_Patent6,430,303, Aug 6, 2002
WWW Version. BibRef

Henderson, T.R.[Todd R.], Spaulding, K.E.[Kevin E.], Couwenhoven, D.W.[Douglas W.],
Method for segmenting a digital image into a foreground region and a key color region,
US_Patent6,011,595, Jan 4, 2000
WWW Version. BibRef 0001

Chen, T.H.[Tsu-Han], Swain, C.T.[Cassandra Turner],
Method and apparatus for segmenting images prior to coding,
US_Patent6,301,385, Oct 9, 2001
WWW Version. BibRef 0110

Funayama, R.[Ryuji], Konya, M.[Minehiro], Takezawa, H.[Hajime],
Image processing device,
US_Patent6,332,038, Dec 18, 2001
WWW Version. particular objects BibRef 0112

Vernon, D.[David],
Fourier Vision: Segmentation and Velocity Measurement Using the Fourier Transform,
KluwerBoston, June 2001. ISBN 0-7923-7413-4.
WWW Version. BibRef 0106

Robles-Kelly, A.[Antonio], Hancock, E.R.[Edwin R.],
An Expectation-Maximisation Framework for Segmentation and Grouping,
IVC(20), No. 9-10, August 2002, pp. 725-738.
WWW Version. 0208
BibRef
Earlier: PercOrg01(xx-yy). 0106
Motion Segmentation. BibRef
Earlier:
A Maximum Likelihood Framework for Grouping and Segmentation,
EMMCVPR01(251-267).
Springer DOI Link 0205
BibRef
Earlier:
Maximum likelihood motion segmentation using eigen-decomposition,
CIAP01(63-68).
IEEE Top Reference. 0210
BibRef
And:
An EM-like Algorithm for Motion Segmentation via Eigendecomposition,
BMVC01(Poster Session 1).
HTML Version. University of York 0110
See also graph-spectral approach to surface segmentation, A. BibRef

Robles-Kelly, A., Bors, A.G., Hancock, E.R.,
Hierarchical Iterative Eigen Decomposition for Motion Segmentation,
ICIP01(II: 363-366).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0108
BibRef

Robles-Kelly, A.[Antonio], Hancock, E.R.[Edwin R.],
An Expectation-Maximisation Framework for Perceptual Grouping,
VF01(594 ff.).
HTML Version. 0209
BibRef

Kelly, A.R.[Antonio Robles], Hancock, E.R.[Edwin R.],
Perceptual Grouping using Eigendecomposition and the EM Algorithm,
SCIA01(O-Th1). 0206
BibRef

Robles-Kelly, A.[Antonio], Hancock, E.R.[Edwin R.],
A Maximum Likelihood Framework for Iterative Eigendecomposition,
ICCV01(I: 654-661).
IEEE DOI Link 0106
BibRef

Robles-Kelly, A.[Antonio], Hancock, E.R.[Edwin R.],
Grouping Line-segments using Eigenclustering,
BMVC00(xx-yy).
PDF Version. 0009
BibRef

Robles-Kelly, A.[Antonio], Hancock, E.R.[Edwin R.],
A probabilistic spectral framework for grouping and segmentation,
PR(37), No. 7, July 2004, pp. 1387-1405.
WWW Version. 0405
Pairwise clustering and perceptual grouping. Model expressed in terms of two sets of parameters: cluster memberships which represent the affinity of objects to clusters and a matrix of link weights for pairs of tokens. BibRef

Rosin, P.L.[Paul L.],
Comments on 'ground from figure discrimination',
PRL(24), No. 15, November 2003, pp. 2761-2766.
WWW Version. 0308
See also Ground from Figure Discrimination. BibRef

Sakamoto, S.[Shizuo],
Method and device of object detectable and background removal, and storage media for storing program thereof,
US_Patent6,603,880, Aug 5, 2003
WWW Version. BibRef 0308

Gordon, G.G.[Gaile G.], Harville, M.[Michael], Woodfill, J.I.[John I.], Darrell, T.J.[Trevor J.],
Background estimation and segmentation based on range and color,
US_Patent6,661,918, Dec 9, 2003
WWW Version. BibRef 0312

Gordon, G.G.[Gaile G.], Darrell, T.J.[Trevor J.], Harville, M.[Michael], Woodfill, J.I.[John I.],
Background Estimation and Removal Based on Range and Color,
CVPR99(II: 459-464).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. Use both range and color, not just one. BibRef 9900

Pavlidis, G.P.[George P.], Chamzas, C.[Christodoulos],
Compressing the background layer in compound images, using JPEG and data filling,
SP:IC(20), No. 5, June 2005, pp. 487-502.
WWW Version. 0506
BibRef

Pavlidis, G.P., Tsekeridou, S., Chamzas, C.,
JPEG-matched data filling of sparse images,
ICIP04(I: 493-496).
IEEE DOI Link 0505
BibRef

Aguiar, P.M.Q., Moura, J.M.F.,
Figure-ground segmentation from occlusion,
IP(14), No. 8, August 2005, pp. 1109-1124.
IEEE DOI Link 0508
BibRef

Chalmond, B., Francesconi, B., Herbin, S.,
Using Hidden Scale for Salient Object Detection,
IP(15), No. 9, August 2006, pp. 2644-2656.
IEEE DOI Link 0608
Scale and contrast interaction. First, spatial and contrast. BibRef

Zhang, H.[Hong], Carls, G.[Garry], Barnhill, S.D.[Stephen D.],
Computer-aided image analysis,
US_Patent6,996,549, Feb 7, 2006
WWW Version. BibRef 0602
And: US_Patent7,383,237, Jun 3, 2008
WWW Version. BibRef

Koenderink, J.J.[Jan J.], van Doorn, A.J.[Andrea J.], Pont, S.C.[Sylvia C.], Richards, W.[Whitman],
Gestalt and phenomenal transparency,
JOSA-A(25), No. 1, January 2008, pp. 190-202.
WWW Version. 0801
BibRef

Burgess, A.E.[Arthur E.], Judy, P.F.[Philip F.],
Signal detection in power-law noise: effect of spectrum exponents,
JOSA-A(24), No. 12, December 2007, pp. B52-B60.
WWW Version. 0801
Analyze backgrounds. BibRef

Levin, A.[Anat], Rav-Acha, A.[Alex], Lischinski, D.[Dani],
Spectral Matting,
PAMI(30), No. 10, October 2008, pp. 1699-1712.
IEEE DOI Link 0810
BibRef
Earlier: CVPR07(1-8).
IEEE DOI Link 0706
Award, CVPR, HM. Background/foreground. BibRef

Rhemann, C.[Christoph], Rother, C.[Carsten], Wang, J.[Jue], Gelautz, M.[Margrit], Kohli, P.[Pushmeet], Rott, P.[Pamela],
A perceptually motivated online benchmark for image matting,
CVPR09(1826-1833).
IEEE DOI Link 0906
See also stereo approach that handles the matting problem via image warping, A. BibRef

Rhemann, C.[Christoph], Rother, C.[Carsten], Rav-Acha, A.[Alex], Sharp, T.[Toby],
High resolution matting via interactive trimap segmentation,
CVPR08(1-8).
IEEE DOI Link 0806
BibRef

Zhang, L.[Li],
In Situ Image Segmentation Using the Convexity of Illumination Distribution of the Light Sources,
PAMI(30), No. 10, October 2008, pp. 1786-1799.
IEEE DOI Link 0810
Use light source analysis to separate background pixels. BibRef

Fukuda, H.[Hiroshi], Ishihara, A.[Atsuhiko], Sakamoto, K.[Koichi], Tsubaki, H.[Hisayoshi], Watanabe, M.[Mikio],
Image capturing apparatus, main subject position determination method, and computer-readable medium storing program,
US_Patent7,339,606, Mar 4, 2008
WWW Version. BibRef 0803

Jimenez-Sanchez, A.R., Mendiola-Santibanez, J.D., Terol-Villalobos, I.R., Herrera-Ruiz, G., Vargas-Vazquez, D., Garcia-Escalante, J.J., Lara-Guevara, A.,
Morphological Background Detection and Enhancement of Images With Poor Lighting,
IP(18), No. 3, March 2009, pp. 613-623.
IEEE DOI Link 0903
BibRef

Shen, H.Y.[Hui-Ying], Coughlan, J.[James], Ivanchenko, V.[Volodymyr],
Figure-ground segmentation using factor graphs,
IVC(27), No. 7, 4 June 2009, pp. 854-863.
Elsevier DOI Link
WWW Version. 0904
Figure-ground segmentation; Belief propagation; Factor graphs; Text detection Graphy models. BibRef

Dickinson, P.[Patrick], Hunter, A.[Andrew], Appiah, K.[Kofi],
A spatially distributed model for foreground segmentation,
IVC(27), No. 9, 3 August 2009, pp. 1326-1335.
Elsevier DOI Link
WWW Version. 0906
Foreground segmentation; Background model; Spatial coherence; Mixture of Gaussians BibRef

Sun, W.[Wei], Spackman, S.P.[Stephen P.],
Multi-object segmentation by stereo mismatch,
MVA(20), No. 6, October 2009, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI Link 0910
No need to do full stereo reconstruction for foreground object extration. BibRef


Estrada, F.J.[Francisco J.], Fua, P.[Pascal], Lepetit, V.[Vincent], Susstrunk, S.[Sabine],
Appearance-based keypoint clustering,
CVPR09(1279-1286).
IEEE DOI Link 0906
Cluster sets of interest points into visually distinct structures using color and texture. BibRef

Achanta, R.[Radhakrishna], Hemami, S.[Sheila], Estrada, F.[Francisco], Susstrunk, S.[Sabine],
Frequency-tuned salient region detection,
CVPR09(1597-1604).
IEEE DOI Link 0906
BibRef

Liu, Y.[Yuee], Zhang, J.L.[Jing-Lan], Tjondronegoro, D.[Dian], Geva, S.[Shlomo], Li, Z.R.[Zheng-Rong],
An improved image segmentation algorithm for salient object detection,
IVCNZ08(1-6).
IEEE DOI Link 0811
BibRef

Sharma, G.[Gaurav], Chaudhury, S.[Santanu], Srivastava, J.B.,
Object Category Detection by Statistical Test of Hypothesis,
ICCVGIP08(474-480).
IEEE DOI Link 0812
BibRef

Fan, S., Ferrie, F.P.,
Structure Guided Salient Region Detector,
BMVC08(xx-yy).
PDF Version. 0809
BibRef

Yin, Z., Collins, R.T.,
Online Figure-ground Segmentation with Edge Pixel Classification,
BMVC08(xx-yy).
PDF Version. 0809
BibRef

Lee, Y.J., Grauman, K.,
Foreground Focus: Finding Meaningful Features in Unlabeled Images,
BMVC08(xx-yy).
PDF Version. 0809
BibRef

Reynolds, J.[Jordan], Murphy, K.[Kevin],
Figure-ground segmentation using a hierarchical conditional random field,
CRV07(175-182).
IEEE DOI Link 0705
BibRef

Sun, J.[Jian], Zhang, W.W.[Wei-Wei], Tang, X.[Xiaoou], Shum, H.Y.[Heung-Yeung],
Background Cut,
ECCV06(II: 628-641).
Springer DOI Link 0608
Real-time foreground layer extraction. Attenuate background contrast, leave foreground. BibRef

Ren, X.F.[Xiao-Feng], Fowlkes, C.C.[Charless C.], Malik, J.[Jitendra],
Figure/Ground Assignment in Natural Images,
ECCV06(II: 614-627).
Springer DOI Link 0608
BibRef

Bjorkman, M., Eklundh, J.O.,
Foveated Figure-Ground Segmentation and Its Role in Recognition,
BMVC05(xx-yy).
HTML Version. 0509
BibRef

Wang, J.[Jue], Cohen, M.F.[Michael F.],
Simultaneous Matting and Compositing,
CVPR07(1-8).
IEEE DOI Link 0706
BibRef
Earlier:
An Iterative Optimization Approach for Unified Image Segmentation and Matting,
ICCV05(II: 936-943).
IEEE DOI Link 0510
foreground/background with partial pixels. BibRef

Cohen, S.[Scott],
Background Estimation as a Labeling Problem,
ICCV05(II: 1034-1041).
IEEE DOI Link 0510
BibRef

Lee, W.B.[Woo-Beom], Kim, W.[Wookhyun],
Illusory Surface Perception Using a Hierarchical Neural Network Model of the Visual Pathways,
CAIP05(709).
Springer DOI Link 0509
BibRef

Cheng, J.[Jian], Yang, J.[Jie], Zhou, Y.[Yue],
A Novel Adaptive Gaussian Mixture Model for Background Subtraction,
IbPRIA05(I:587).
Springer DOI Link 0509
BibRef

Sakai, T.[Tomoya], Imiya, A.[Atsushi],
Figure Field Analysis of Linear Scale-Space Image,
ScaleSpace05(374-385).
WWW Version. 0505
BibRef

Kottow, D.[Daniel], Köppen, M.[Mario], Ruiz-del-Solar, J.[Javier],
A Background Maintenance Model in the Spatial-Range Domain,
SMVP04(141-152).
WWW Version. 0505
Foreground/Background codebook descriptions. BibRef

Porikli, F.M.[Fatih M.],
Multiplicative Background-Foreground Estimation Under Uncontrolled Illumination using Intrinsic Images,
Motion05(II: 20-27).
WWW Version. 0502
BibRef

Stein, A.[Andrew], Hebert, M.[Martial],
Incorporating Background Invariance into Feature-Based Object Recognition,
WACV05(I: 37-44).
WWW Version. 0502
Features from patches, how to exclude the background. BibRef

Al-Mazeed, A.H., Nixon, M.S., Gunn, S.R.,
Fusing Complementary Operators to Enhance Foreground/Background Segmentation,
BMVC03(xx-yy).
HTML Version. 0409
BibRef

Zhao, L.[Liang], Davis, L.S.,
Iterative figure-ground discrimination,
ICPR04(I: 67-70).
IEEE DOI Link 0409
BibRef

Zivkovic, Z.,
Improved adaptive gaussian mixture model for background subtraction,
ICPR04(II: 28-31).
IEEE DOI Link 0409
BibRef

Fraundorfer, F.[Friedrich], Bischof, H.[Horst],
Detecting Distinguished Regions by Saliency,
SCIA03(208-215).
WWW Version. 0310
BibRef

Yu, S.X., Shi, J.B.[Jian-Bo],
Object-specific figure-ground segregation,
CVPR03(II: 39-45).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0307
BibRef

Lamarre, M., Clark, J.J.,
Background subtraction using competing models in the block-DCT domain,
ICPR02(I: 299-302).
IEEE DOI Link 0211
BibRef

Baek, K.[Kyungim], Draper, B.A.,
Factor analysis for background suppression,
ICPR02(II: 643-646).
IEEE DOI Link 0211
BibRef

Yu, S.X.[Stella X.], Lee, T.S.[Tai Sing], Kanade, T.[Takeo],
A Hierarchical Markov Random Field Model for Figure-Ground Segregation,
EMMCVPR01(118-133).
Springer DOI Link 0205
BibRef

Hayman, E.[Eric], Eklundh, J.O.[Jan-Olof],
Probabilistic and Voting Approaches to Cue Integration for Figure-Ground Segmentation,
ECCV02(III: 469 ff.).
HTML Version. 0205
BibRef

Wexler, Y., Fitzgibbon, A.W., Zisserman, A.,
Bayesian Estimation of Layers from Multiple Images,
ECCV02(III: 487 ff.).
HTML Version. 0205
To extract the foreground objects. (Blue screen technique.) BibRef

Riesenhuber, M.[Maximilian],
Generalization Over Contrast and Mirror Reversal, But not Figure-ground Reversal, in an Edge-based Model of IT Neurons,
MIT AIM-2001-034, December 2001.
WWW Version. 0205
BibRef

Yu, S.X.[Stella X.], Shi, J.B.[Jian-Bo],
Segmentation with Pairwise Attraction and Repulsion,
ICCV01(I: 52-58).
IEEE DOI Link 0106
Figure-Ground separation. BibRef

Keuchel, J., Schellewald, C., Cremers, D., Schnörr, C.,
Convex Relaxation for Figure-Ground Discrimination and Perceptual Grouping,
PercOrg01(353-360). 0106
BibRef
And:
Relaxations for Binary Image Partitioning and Perceptual Grouping,
DAGM01(353-360). Award, DAGM.
Postscript Version. BibRef

Andrade-Cetto, J.[Juan], Sanfeliu, A.[Alberto],
Integration of Perceptual Grouping and Depth,
ICPR00(Vol I: 295-298).
IEEE DOI Link
HTML Version. 0009
BibRef

Giaccone, P.R., Tsaptsinos, D., Jones, G.A.,
Foreground-background Segmentation by Cellular Neural Networks,
ICPR00(Vol II: 438-441).
IEEE DOI Link
HTML Version. 0009
BibRef

Pao, H., Geiger, D., Rubin, N.,
Measuring Convexity for Figure/Ground Separation,
ICCV99(948-955).
IEEE DOI Link BibRef 9900

Geiger, D.[Davi], Kumaran, K.[Krishnan], Parida, L.[Laxmi],
Visual Organization for Figure/Ground Separation,
CVPR96(155-160).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 9600

Geiger, D., Kumaran, K.,
Visual Organization of Illusory Surfaces,
ECCV96(I:413-424).
Springer DOI Link Use occlusions to find the most salient contours. BibRef 9600

Stricker, M., Leonardis, A.,
Figure-Ground Segmentation Using Tabu Search,
SCV95(605-610).
IEEE Top Reference. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. U. of Ljubljana. Compared with mean field annealing algorithm. BibRef 9500

Huang, Q.[Qian], Dam, B., Steele, D., Ashley, J., Niblack, W.,
Foreground/background segmentation of color images by integration of multiple cues,
ICIP95(I: 246-249).
IEEE DOI Link 9510
BibRef

Heitger, F., and von der Heydt, R.[Rudiger],
A Computational Model of Neural Contour Processing: Figure-Ground Segregation and Illusory Contours,
ICCV93(32-40).
IEEE DOI Link BibRef 9300

Shimaya, A., Yoroizawa, I.,
A Cognitive Model Of Figure Segregation,
IJCAI91(366-372). BibRef 9100

Chapter on Computational Vision, Regularization, Connectionist, Morphology, Scale-Space, Perceptual Grouping, Wavelets, Color, Sensors, Optical, Laser, Radar continues in
Sensors for Machine Vision, Image Sensors .


Last update:Nov 16, 2009 at 19:35:14