6.2 Evaluation of Edge Detection Algorithms

Keskes, N., Kretz, F., Maitre, H.,
Statistical Study of Edges in TV Pictures,
Commun(27), 1979, pp. 1239-1247. BibRef 7900

Shaw, G.B.,
Local and Regional Edge Detectors: Some Comparisons,
CGIP(9), No. 2, February 1979, pp. 135-149.
WWW Version. BibRef 7902

Jernigan, M.E., and Wardell, R.W.,
Does the Eye Contain Optimal Edge Detection Mechanism?,
SMC(11), No. 6, June 1981, pp. 441-444. BibRef 8106

Kitchen, L., and Rosenfeld, A.,
Edge Evaluation using Local Edge Coherence,
SMC(11), No. 9, September 1981, pp. 597-605. BibRef 8109
Earlier: DARPA81(99-113). Using synthetic images. BibRef

Vossepoel, A.M., Smeulders, A.W.M.,
Vector Code Probability and Metrication Error in the Representation of Straight Lines of Finite Length,
CGIP(20), December 1982, pp. 347-364. BibRef 8212

Kittler, J.V., Illingworth, J., Paler, K.,
The Magnitude Accuracy of the Template Edge Detector,
PR(16), No. 6, 1983, pp. 607-613.
WWW Version. 9611 BibRef

Koenderink, J.J., van Doorn, A.J.,
Invariant Features of Contrast Detection: An Explanation in Terms of Self-Similar Detector Arrays,
JOSA(72), 1982, pp. 83-87. BibRef 8200

Berzins, V.,
Accuracy of Laplacian Edge Detectors,
CVGIP(27), No. 2, August 1984, pp. 195-210. Analysis of See also Theory of Edge Detection. to get better edges. BibRef 8408

Kittler, J.V.,
On the Accuracy of the Sobel Edge Detector,
IVC(1), No. 1, February 1983, pp. 37-42.
WWW Version. See also Visual Perception by a Computer. See also Edge Location to Subpixel Values in Digital Imagery. BibRef 8302

Huang, J.S., Tseng, D.H.,
Statistical Theory of Edge Detection,
CVGIP(43), No. 3, September 1988, pp. 337-346.
WWW Version. BibRef 8809

Silverman, B.W., Jennison, C., Stander, J., and Brown, T.C.,
The Specification of Edge Penalties for Regular and Irregular Pixel Images,
PAMI(12), No. 10, October 1990, pp. 1017-1024.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 9010

Brzakovic, D., Linkopoulos, A., and Hong, L.,
Spline Models for Boundary Detection/Description: Formulation and Performance Evaluation,
GMIP(53), No. 4, July 1991, pp. 392-401. BibRef 9107

Kakarala, R., and Hero, A.O.,
On Achievable Accuracy in Edge Localization,
PAMI(14), No. 7, July 1992, pp. 777-781.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 9207

Kakarala, R., and Iverson, G.J.,
Uniqueness of Results for Multiple Correlations of Periodic Functions,
JOSA-A(10), No. 7, 1993, pp. 1517-1528. BibRef 9300

Lyvers, E.P., and Mitchell, O.R.,
Precision Edge Contrast and Orientation Estimation,
PAMI(10), No. 6, November 1988, pp. 927-937.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. A comparison of the accuracy of many different edge detectors. BibRef 8811

Kitchen, L.J., and Malin, J.A.,
The Effect of Spatial Discretization of the Magnitude and Direction Response of Simple Differential Edge Operators on a Step Edge,
CVGIP(47), No. 2, August 1989, pp. 243-258. BibRef 8908

Strickland, R.N.[Robin N.], Cheng, D.K.[Dunkai K.],
Adaptable Edge Quality Metric,
OptEng(32), No. 5, May 1993, pp. 944-951. With synthetic images. Difficult to use with curved edges. BibRef 9305

O'Sullivan, F., Qian, M.J.,
A Regularized Contrast Statistic for Object Boundary Estimation: Implementation and Statistical Evaluation,
PAMI(16), No. 6, June 1994, pp. 561-570.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 9406

Ronse, C.,
On Idempotence and Related Requirements in Edge Detection,
PAMI(15), No. 5, May 1993, pp. 484-491.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. Analysis of edge detection, without reference to many of the other important edge detection papers. BibRef 9305

Ronse, C.,
The Phase Congruence Model for Edge Detection in Two-Dimensional Pictures: A Mathematical Study,
TRRapport 95/11, 1995, LSIIT - URA 1871, Universite Louis Pasteur. Fourier Descriptors. For the paper:
Postscript Version. For the figures:
Postscript Version. For color figures:
Postscript Version. BibRef 9500

Verbeek, P.W., van Vliet, L.J.,
On The Location Error of Curved Edges in Low-Pass Filtered 2-D and 3-D Images,
PAMI(16), No. 7, July 1994, pp. 726-733.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 9407

Dayanand, S., Uttal, W.R., Shepherd, T., Lunskis, C.,
A Particle System Model for Combining Edge Information from Multiple Segmentation Modules,
GMIP(56), No. 3, May 1994, pp. 219-230. Integration, Edge Modules. BibRef 9405

Ziou, D.[Djemel], Fabre, J.P.[Jean-Pierre],
Effects of Edge Orientation on the Performance of 1st-Order Operators,
PRL(15), No. 10, October 1994, pp. 1053-1063. BibRef 9410
Earlier:
Rotation invariance in edge detection,
CAIP93(141-148).
WWW Version. 9309 BibRef

Ziou, D., Fabre, J.P., Wang, S.,
Performance Evaluation of First Order Operators,
ICPR94(A:42-46).
WWW Version. BibRef 9400

Ziou, D.[Djemel],
The influence of edge direction on the estimation of edge contrast and orientation,
PR(34), No. 4, April 2001, pp. 855-863.
WWW Version. 0101 BibRef

Ziou, D.[Djemel],
Optimal Line Detector,
ICPR00(Vol III: 534-537).
HTML Version. 0009 BibRef

Khvorostov, P.V., Braun, M., Poon, C.S.,
Edge Quality Metric for Arbitrary 2-Dimensional Edges,
OptEng(35), No. 11, November 1996, pp. 3222-3226. 9612 BibRef

Rohr, K.,
Modelling and Identification of Charateristic Intensity Variations,
IVC(10), 1992, pp. 66-76. BibRef 9200

Rohr, K., Schnorr, C.,
An Efficient Approach to the Identification of Characteristic Intensity Variations,
IVC(11), No. 5, June 1993, pp. 273-277.
WWW Version. BibRef 9306

Soni, T., Zeidler, J.R., Ku, W.H.,
Performance Evaluation of 2-D Adaptive Prediction Filters for Detection of Small Objects in Image Data,
IP(2), No. 3, July 1993, pp. 327-340.
WWW Version. BibRef 9307

Lacroix, V.,
Edge Detection: What About Rotation Invariance?,
PRL(11), 1990, pp. 797-802. BibRef 9000

Park, R.H.,
A Fourier Interpretation of the Frei-Chen Edge Masks,
PRL(11), 1990, pp. 631-636. See also Fast Boundary Detection: A Generalization and a New Algorithm. BibRef 9000

Park, R.H.[Rae-Hong],
Interpretation of eight-point discrete cosine and sine transforms as 3x3 orthogonal edge masks in terms of the Frei-Chen masks,
PRL(20), No. 8, August 1999, pp. 807-811. BibRef 9908

Park, R.H.[Rae-Hong],
One-dimensional frequency domain interpretation of compass roof edge and Frei-Chen line masks,
PRL(20), No. 3, March 1999, pp. 281-284. See also Fast Boundary Detection: A Generalization and a New Algorithm. BibRef 9903

Lancaster, I.T., Elliman, D.G.,
A Comparison of Two Algorithms for Segmentation Using Edge Detection Techniques,
PRL(11), 1990, pp. 175-180. See also Review of Segmentation and Contextual Analysis Techniques for Text Recognition, A. BibRef 9000

Davies, E.R.,
The Effect of Noise on Edge Orientation Computations,
PRL(6), 1987, pp. 315-322. BibRef 8700

Pal, S.K.,
A Measure of Edge Ambiguity Using Fuzzy Sets,
PRL(4), 1986, pp. 51-56. BibRef 8600

Rohr, K.,
On the Precision in Estimating the Location of Edges and Corners,
JMIV(7), No. 1, January 1997, pp. 7-22.
WWW Version. 9703 BibRef

Ramesh, V., Haralick, R.M.,
Random Perturbation Models for Boundary Extraction Sequence,
MVA(9), No. 5-6, 1997, pp. 229-239.
HTML Version. 9705 BibRef

Steger, C.T.[Carsten T.],
An Unbiased Detector of Curvilinear Structures,
PAMI(20), No. 2, February 1998, pp. 113-125.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 9802
And: TRFGBV-96-03, Road Detection. Technische Universitat München, July 1996. An explicit model for curves leads to subpixel accuracy. For tracking roads and medical images. The tech report:
HTML Version. and code:
HTML Version. See also Model-Based Road Extraction from Images. BibRef

Steger, C.T.[Carsten T.],
Analytical and Empirical Performance Evaluation of Subpixel Line and Edge Detection,
EEMCV98(xx). BibRef 9800

Steger, C.T.,
Removing the Bias from Line Detection,
CVPR97(116-122).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 9704Edge locations; detect roads. BibRef

Asada, N.[Naoki], Fujiwara, H.[Hisanaga], Matsuyama, T.[Takashi],
Seeing Behind the Scene: Analysis of Photometric Properties of Occluding Edges by the Reversed Projection Blurring Model,
PAMI(20), No. 2, February 1998, pp. 155-167.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 9803 BibRef
Earlier: ICCV95(150-155).
WWW Version.
WWW Version. The effects of an occluded edge on how the occluding edge appears. BibRef

Huang, D.W.[Da-Wei], Dunsmuir, W.T.M.[William T.M.],
Computing Joint Distributions of 2D Moving Median Filters with Applications to Detection of Edges,
PAMI(20), No. 3, March 1998, pp. 340-343.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 9805 BibRef

Staunton, R.C.,
Edge Operator Error Estimation Incorporating Measurements of CCD TV Camera Transfer Function,
VISP(145), No. 3, June 1998, pp. 229-235. 9808 BibRef

Calvo, M.L., Manzanares, A., Chevalier, M., Lakshminarayanan, V.,
Edge image quality assessment: a new formulation for degraded edge imaging,
IVC(16), No. 14, December 1998, pp. 1003-1017.
WWW Version. BibRef 9812

Wen, W., Xia, A.,
Verifying edges for visual inspection purposes,
PRL(20), No. 3, March 1999, pp. 315-328. BibRef 9903

Wong, H.S.[Hau-San], Caelli, T.M.[Terry M.], Guan, L.[Ling],
A model-based neural network for edge characterization,
PR(33), No. 3, March 2000, pp. 427-444.
WWW Version. 0001 BibRef

Gómez Lopera, J.F.[Juan Francisco], Martínez Aroza, J.[José], Robles Pérez, A.M.[Aureliano M.], Román Roldán, R.[Ramón],
An Analysis of Edge Detection by Using the Jensen-Shannon Divergence,
JMIV(13), No. 1, August 2000, pp. 35-56.
WWW Version. 0006 BibRef

Román Roldán, R.[Ramón], Gómez Lopera, J.F.[Juan Francisco], Atae Allah, C.[Chakir], Martínez Aroza, J.[José], Luque Escamilla, P.L.[Pedro Luis],
A Measure of Quality for Evaluating Methods of Segmentation and Edge Detection,
PR(34), No. 5, May 2001, pp. 969-980.
WWW Version. 0102 BibRef

Gomez Lopera, J.F., Ilhami, N., Luque Escamilla, P.L., Martinez Aroza, J., Roman Roldan, R.,
Improved entropic edge-detection,
CIAP99(180-184).
WWW Version. 9909 BibRef

Loh, A.W.K., Robey, M.C., West, G.A.W.,
Analysis of the interaction between edge and line finding techniques,
PR(34), No. 6, June 2001, pp. 1127-1146.
WWW Version. 0103 BibRef

Cohen, L.D.[Laurent D.],
Guest Editor's Introduction,
JMIV(14), No. 3, May 2001, pp. 193-193. 0106 BibRef

Bruni, C., de Santis, A., Iacoviello, D., Koch, G.,
Modeling for edge detection problems in blurred noisy images,
IP(10), No. 10, October 2001, pp. 1447-1453.
WWW Version. 0110 BibRef

Basu, M.,
Gaussian-based edge-detection methods: A Survey,
SMC-C(32), No. 3, August 2002, pp. 252-260.
IEEE Top Reference. 0301 Survey, Edge Detection. BibRef

Peli, E.,
Feature detection algorithm based on a visual system model,
PIEEE(90), No. 1, January 2002, pp. 78-93.
WWW Version. 0201 BibRef

Yitzhaky, Y.[Yitzhak], Peli, E.,
A method for objective edge detection evaluation and detector parameter selection,
PAMI(25), No. 8, August 2003, pp. 1027-1033.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0308Combine different detector results to generate a better overall edge map. BibRef

Koren, R.[Raz], Yitzhaky, Y.[Yitzhak],
Automatic selection of edge detector parameters based on spatial and statistical measures,
CVIU(102), No. 2, May 2006, pp. 204-213.
WWW Version. Edge detection evaluation; Saliency 0605 BibRef

Prieto, M.S.[Miguel Segui], Allen, A.R.[Alastair R.],
A similarity metric for edge images,
PAMI(25), No. 10, October 2003, pp. 1265-1273.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0310Measures for comparing edge images. The issue is how to compare detected edges. Allow some localization error. Compares results of this one (PCM) to CDM ( See also Edge Detector Evaluation Using Empirical ROC Curves. ), FOM ( See also Qualitative Design and Evaluation of Enhancement/Thresholding Edge Detector. ), PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) BibRef

Staunton, R.C.,
Detected edge position evaluation using measured acquisition system parameters,
PRL(26), No. 11, August 2005, pp. 1609-1619.
WWW Version. 0506 BibRef

Fernandez-Garcia, N.L., Carmona-Poyato, A., Medina-Carnicer, R., Madrid-Cuevas, F.J.,
Automatic generation of consensus ground truth for the comparison of edge detection techniques,
IVC(26), No. 3, March 2008, pp. 496-511.
WWW Version. 0711Consensus ground truth; Empirical discrepancy measurement; Edge detection See also Dominant point detection: A new proposal. BibRef

Bouchara, F.[Frédéric], Ramdani, S.[Sofiane],
Statistical behavior of edge detectors,
SIViP(1), No. 3, August 2007, pp. 273-285.
WWW Version. 0803 BibRef

Valverde, F., Guil, N., Muńoz, J., Nishikawa, R., Doi, K.,
An Evaluation Criterion for Edge Detection Techniques in Noisy Images,
ICIP01(I: 766-769).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0108 BibRef

Sugiyama, T.[Takahiro], Abe, K.[Keiichi],
Edge Detection Method Based on Edge Reliability with Fixed Thresholds: Consideration of Uniformity and Gradation,
ICPR00(Vol III: 656-659).
WWW Version.
HTML Version. 0009 BibRef

Yamana, F.[Fumiaki], Sugiyama, T.[Takahiro], Abe, K.[Keiichi],
Edge Plane Detection in Spatio-temporal Images by Using Edge Vector and Edge Reliability,
ICPR00(Vol III: 660-663).
WWW Version.
HTML Version. 0009 BibRef

Forbes, L.A.[Lance A.], Draper, B.A.[Bruce A.],
Inconsistencies in Edge Detector Evaluation,
CVPR00(II: 398-404).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 0005 BibRef

Liu, G.[Gang], Haralick, R.M.[Robert M.],
Assignment Problem in Edge Detection Performance Evaluation,
CVPR00(I: 26-31).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 0005 BibRef

Baker, S.[Simon], Nayar, S.K.[Shree K.],
Global Measures of Coherence for Edge Detector Evaluation,
CVPR99(II: 373-379).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. Code, Edge Detection.
WWW Version. For code and images:
WWW Version. BibRef 9900

Claridge, E.[Ela],
A Boundary Localisation Algorithm Consistent with Human Visual Perception,
ICPR98(Vol I: 300-304).
WWW Version. 9808 BibRef

Suri, J.S.[Jasjit S.], Haralick, R.M.[Robert M.], Sheehan, F.H.[Florence H.], and Jamin, V.[Valerie],
Effect of Edge Detection, Pixel Classification, and Classification-Edge Fusion over LV Calibration: a Two Stage Automatic System,
SCIA97(xx-yy) 9705
HTML Version. BibRef

Cord, M.[Matthieu], Huet, F., and Philipp-Foliguet, S.[Sylvie],
Optimal Adjusting of Edge Detectors to Extract at Best Close Contours,
SCIA97(xx-yy) 9705
HTML Version. BibRef

Salotti, M., Garbay, C.,
Evaluation of Edge Detectors: Critics and Proposal,
PERF96(XX-YY).
HTML Version. BibRef 9600

Appenzeller, G., Crowley, J.L.,
Experimental performance characterization of adaptive filters,
ICPR96(II: 417-421).
WWW Version. 9608(PRIMA, IMAG, F) BibRef

Beil, W., Stiehl, H.S.,
Comparison of Two Multi-Scale Approaches to Edge Detection in Medical Images,
CVRMed95(XX-YY) BibRef 9500

Beil, W.,
Line detection discrete scale-space,
ICIP94(I: 915-918).
WWW Version. 9411 BibRef

Haralick, R.M.[Robert M.], and Ramesh, V.[Visvanathan],
A Methodology for Automatic Selection of IU Algorithm Tuning Parameters,
ARPA94(I:675-687). BibRef 9400

Wood, S.L.,
A comparison of resolution requirements for boundary estimation from binary and grey scale images,
ICIP94(III: 465-469).
WWW Version. 9411 BibRef

Kim, H.J., Kim, W., and Li, C.C.,
A Performance Study of Two Wavelet-Based Edge Detectors,
ICPR92(III:302-306).
WWW Version. BibRef 9200

Spreeuwers, L.J., and van der Heijden, F.,
Evaluation of Edge Detectors Using Average Risk,
ICPR92(III:771-774).
WWW Version. BibRef 9200

Sher, D.B.,
The influence of object size on the regions of interest for edge detection: Preliminary Results,
ICPR92(III:294-297).
WWW Version. 9208 BibRef

Ziou, D., Mohr, R.,
An experience on automatic selection of the edge detectors,
ICPR92(III:586-589).
WWW Version. 9208 BibRef

Kasvand, T.,
Step or Jump Edge Detection by Extrapolation,
ICPR86(374-377). BibRef 8600

Bryant, D.J.[David J.], Bouldin, D.W.[Donald W.],
Evaluation of Edge Operators Using Relative and Absolute Grading,
PRIP79(138-145). Subjective ground truth given by hand. BibRef 7900

Chapter on Detection and Analysis of Edges, Lines, Curves, Corners, Hough Transform continues in
Evaluations of Edge Detectors, Multiple Algorithms .