21.2.5 Face Analysis -- Gender and Age Variations

Burson, N.[Nancy], Schneider, T.D.[Thomas D.],
Method and apparatus for producing an image of a person's face at a different age,
US_Patent4,276,570, Jun 30, 1981
WWW Version. From an old face and young face, find differences, change new face. BibRef 8106

Burt, D.M., and Perrett, D.I.,
Perception of age in adult caucasian male faces: computer graphic manipulation of shape and colour information,
RoyalP(B-259), 1995, pp. 137-143. BibRef 9500

da Vitoria Lobo, N.[Niels], Kwon, Y.H.[Young H.],
Automatic feature detection and age classification of human faces in digital images,
US_Patent5,781,650, July 14, 1998.
WWW Version. BibRef 9807

da Vitoria Lobo, N.[Niels], Kwon, Y.H.[Young Ho],
Face detection using templates,
US_Patent5,835,616, Nov 10, 1998
WWW Version. BibRef 9811
Earlier: A2, A1: ICPR94(A:764-767).
IEEE DOI Link BibRef

O'Toole, A.J., Price, T., Vetter, T., Bartlett, J.C., Blanz, V.,
3D Shape and 2D Surface Textures of Human Faces: The Role of 'Averages' in Attractiveness and Age,
IVC(18), No. 1, December 1999, pp. 9-19.
WWW Version. 0001
BibRef

Lanitis, A.[Andreas], Taylor, C.J.[Chris J.], Cootes, T.F.,
Toward Automatic Simulation of Aging Effects on Face Images,
PAMI(24), No. 4, April 2002, pp. 442-455.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 0204
BibRef
Earlier:
Modeling the Process of Ageing in Face Images,
ICCV99(131-136).
IEEE DOI Link BibRef
And: A1, A3, A2:
Simulating Age Effects on Face Images,
AVBPA99(xx-yy). See also Automatic Face Identification System Using Flexible Appearance Models. BibRef

Lanitis, A.[Andreas], Taylor, C.J.[Chris J.],
Towards Automatic Face Identification Robust to Ageing Variation,
AFGR00(391-396).
IEEE DOI Link 0003
BibRef

Lanitis, A., Draganova, C., Christodoulou, C.,
Comparing Different Classifiers for Automatic Age Estimation,
SMC-B(34), No. 1, February 2004, pp. 621-628.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0403
Different classifiers: a classifier based on the use of quadratic functions for modeling the relationship between face model parameters and age, a shortest distance classifier, and artificial neural network based classifiers. BibRef

Moghaddam, B.[Baback], Yang, M.H.[Ming-Hsuan],
Learning Gender with Support Faces,
PAMI(24), No. 5, May 2002, pp. 707-711.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 0205
Appearance based gender classification. Thumbnail (21X12 pixels) results only 1% worse then next size (84X48). BibRef

Moghaddam, B.[Baback], Yang, M.H.[Ming-Hsuan],
Gender Classification with Support Vector Machines,
AFGR00(306-311).
IEEE DOI Link 0003
BibRef

Yang, M.H.[Ming-Hsuan], Moghaddam, B.[Baback],
Support Vector Machines for Visual Gender Classification,
ICPR00(Vol I: 1115-1118).
IEEE DOI Link
HTML Version. 0009
BibRef

Yang, M.H.,
Gender Classification Using Support Vector Machines,
ICIP00(Vol II: 471-474).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0008
BibRef

Mao, Z.L.[Zhi-Li], Ju, X.Y.[Xiang-Yang], Siebert, J.P.[J. Paul], Cockshott, W.P.[W. Paul], Ayoub, A.F.[Ashraf F.],
Constructing dense correspondences for the analysis of 3D facial morphology,
PRL(27), No. 6, 15 April 2006, pp. 597-608.
WWW Version. 3D facial analysis; Dense correspondences; Elastic deformation; Generic model 0604
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A3, A4, A5, Only:
Constructing dense correspondences to analyze 3D facial change,
ICPR04(III: 144-148).
IEEE DOI Link 0409
BibRef

Kim, H.C.[Hyun-Chul], Kim, D.J.[Dai-Jin], Ghahramani, Z.[Zoubin], Bang, S.Y.[Sung Yang],
Appearance-based gender classification with Gaussian processes,
PRL(27), No. 6, 15 April 2006, pp. 618-626.
WWW Version. Gender classification; Appearance-based gender classification; Kernel machines; Gaussian process classifiers; Support vector machines 0604
BibRef

Baluja, S.[Shumeet], Rowley, H.A.[Henry A.],
Boosting Sex Identification Performance,
IJCV(71), No. 1, January 2007, pp. 111-119.
Springer DOI Link 0609
AdaBoost to determine gender. 20X20 image, 93% accuracy. BibRef

Scandrett, C.M.[Catherine M.], Solomon, C.J.[Christopher J.], Gibson, S.J.[Stuart J.],
A person-specific, rigorous aging model of the human face,
PRL(27), No. 15, November 2006, pp. 1776-1787.
WWW Version. 0609
Age progression; PCA; Pose compensation BibRef

Scandrett, C.M.[Catherine M.], Solomon, C.J.[Christopher J.], Gibson, S.J.[Stuart J.],
Towards a semi-automatic method for the statistically rigorous ageing of the human face,
VISP(153), No. 5, October 2006, pp. 639-649.
WWW Version. 0702
BibRef

Ramanathan, N.[Narayanan], Chellappa, R.[Rama],
Face Verification Across Age Progression,
IP(15), No. 11, November 2006, pp. 3349-3361.
IEEE DOI Link 0610
BibRef
Earlier: CVPR05(II: 462-469).
IEEE DOI Link 0507
BibRef
And:
Modeling Age Progression in Young Faces,
CVPR06(I: 387-394).
IEEE DOI Link 0606
BibRef

Ramanathan, N., Chellappa, R., Chowdhury, A.K.R.,
Facial similarity across age disguise illumination and pose,
ICIP04(III: 1999-2002).
IEEE DOI Link 0505
BibRef

Geng, X.[Xin], Zhou, Z.H.[Zhi-Hua], Smith-Miles, K.[Kate],
Automatic Age Estimation Based on Facial Aging Patterns,
PAMI(29), No. 12, December 2007, pp. 2234-2240.
IEEE DOI Link 0711
BibRef
And: Correction PAMI(30), No. 2, February 2008, pp. 368-368.
IEEE DOI Link 0712
Model the aging pattern (sequence of face images sorted by time). Choose age using projection in the subspace that can reconstruct the face image with minimum reconstruction error. BibRef

Shih, J.L.[Jau-Ling], Lee, C.H.[Chang-Hsing], Yang, C.S.[Chang-Shen],
An adult image identification system employing image retrieval technique,
PRL(28), No. 16, December 2007, pp. 2367-2374.
WWW Version. 0711
Adult image identification; Scalable color descriptor; Edge histogram descriptor BibRef

Samal, A.[Ashok], Subramani, V.[Vanitha], Marx, D.[David],
Analysis of sexual dimorphism in human face,
JVCIR(18), No. 6, December 2007, pp. 453-463.
WWW Version. 0711
Face recognition; Sexual dimorphism; Gender classification; Face classification; Human face BibRef

Schmid, K.[Kendra], Marx, D.[David], Samal, A.[Ashok],
Computation of a face attractiveness index based on neoclassical canons, symmetry, and golden ratios,
PR(41), No. 8, August 2008, pp. 2710-2717.
WWW Version. 0805
Face attractiveness; Face recognition; Neoclassical canons; Face symmetry; Golden ratio BibRef

Makinen, E.[Erno], Raisamo, R.[Roope],
Evaluation of Gender Classification Methods with Automatically Detected and Aligned Faces,
PAMI(30), No. 3, March 2008, pp. 541-547.
IEEE DOI Link 0801
Automatic face alignment did not help. Manual alignment did a little. BibRef

Lu, H.C.[Hu-Chuan], Huang, Y.J.[Ying-Jie], Chen, Y.W.[Yen-Wei], Yang, D.L.[De-Li],
Automatic gender recognition based on pixel-pattern-based texture feature,
RealTimeIP(3), No. 1-2, March 2008, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI Link 0804
BibRef

Makinen, E.[Erno], Raisamo, R.[Roope],
An experimental comparison of gender classification methods,
PRL(29), No. 10, 15 July 2008, pp. 1544-1556.
WWW Version. 0711
Automatic face analysis; Gender classification; Face detection; Face database; Performance evaluation BibRef

Guo, G.D.[Guo-Dong], Fu, Y.[Yun], Dyer, C.R.[Charles R.], Huang, T.S.[Thomas S.],
Image-Based Human Age Estimation by Manifold Learning and Locally Adjusted Robust Regression,
IP(17), No. 7, July 2008, pp. 1178-1188.
IEEE DOI Link 0806
BibRef
And:
A Probabilistic Fusion Approach to human age prediction,
SLAM08(1-6).
IEEE DOI Link 0806
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A2, A4, A3:
Locally Adjusted Robust Regression for Human Age Estimation,
WACV08(1-6).
IEEE DOI Link 0801
BibRef

Mu, G.W.[Guo-Wang], Guo, G.D.[Guo-Dong], Fu, Y.[Yun], Huang, T.S.[Thomas S.],
Human age estimation using bio-inspired features,
CVPR09(112-119).
IEEE DOI Link 0906
BibRef

Fu, Y.[Yun], Huang, T.S.,
Human Age Estimation With Regression on Discriminative Aging Manifold,
MultMed(10), No. 4, June 2008, pp. 578-584.
IEEE DOI Link 0905
BibRef

Song, M.[Mingli], Wang, H.[Huiqiong], Chen, C.[Chun],
Local Laplacian Detail Learning For Face Aging Manipulation,
IJIG(7), No. 3, July 2007, pp. 463-480. 0707
BibRef

Hadid, A.[Abdenour], Pietikainen, M.[Matti],
Combining appearance and motion for face and gender recognition from videos,
PR(42), No. 11, November 2009, pp. 2818-2827.
Elsevier DOI Link
WWW Version. 0907
BibRef
And:
Manifold Learning for Gender Classification from Face Sequences,
ICB09(82-91).
Springer DOI Link 0906
BibRef
Earlier:
Combining motion and appearance for gender classification from video sequences,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI Link 0812
BibRef
Earlier:
Selecting models from videos for appearance-based face recognition,
ICPR04(I: 304-308).
IEEE DOI Link 0409
Face recognition; Gender recognition; Facial dynamics; Boosting; Local binary patterns; Spatiotemporal analysis BibRef

Toews, M.[Matthew], Arbel, T.[Tal],
Detection, Localization, and Sex Classification of Faces from Arbitrary Viewpoints and under Occlusion,
PAMI(31), No. 9, September 2009, pp. 1567-1581.
IEEE DOI Link 0907
Bayesian classifier. Learn appearance model for each class. See also Statistical Parts-Based Model of Anatomical Variability, A. BibRef

Lu, L.[Li], Shi, P.F.[Peng-Fei],
Fusion of Multiple Facial Features for Age Estimation,
IEICE(E92-D), No. 9, September 2009, pp. 1815-1818.
WWW Version. 0910
BibRef

Long, Y.J.[Yang-Jing],
Human Age Estimation by Metric Learning for Regression Problems,
CAIP09(74-82).
Springer DOI Link 0909
BibRef

Ortega, M.[Marcos], Brodo, L.[Linda], Bicego, M.[Manuele], Tistarelli, M.[Massimo],
On the Quantitative Estimation of Short-Term Aging in Human Faces,
CIAP09(575-584).
Springer DOI Link 0909
BibRef

Singh, R.[Richa], Vatsa, M.[Mayank], Noore, A.[Afzel],
Effect of plastic surgery on face recognition: A preliminary study,
Biometrics09(72-77).
IEEE DOI Link 0906
BibRef

Ortega, M.[Marcos], Brodo, L.[Linda], Bicego, M.[Manuele], Tistarelli, M.[Massimo],
Measuring changes in face appearance through aging,
Biometrics09(107-113).
IEEE DOI Link 0906
BibRef

Zhong, C.[Cheng], Sun, Z.A.[Zhen-An], Tan, T.N.[Tie-Niu],
Fuzzy 3D Face Ethnicity Categorization,
ICB09(386-393).
Springer DOI Link 0906
BibRef

Gao, F.[Feng], Ai, H.Z.[Hai-Zhou],
Face Age Classification on Consumer Images with Gabor Feature and Fuzzy LDA Method,
ICB09(132-141).
Springer DOI Link 0906
BibRef

Gao, W.[Wei], Ai, H.Z.[Hai-Zhou],
Face Gender Classification on Consumer Images in a Multiethnic Environment,
ICB09(169-178).
Springer DOI Link 0906
BibRef

Yang, Z.G.[Zhi-Guang], Li, M.[Ming], Ai, H.Z.[Hai-Zhou],
An Experimental Study on Automatic Face Gender Classification,
ICPR06(III: 1099-1102).
WWW Version. 0609
BibRef

Wu, B.[Bo], Ai, H.Z.[Hai-Zhou], Huang, C.[Chang],
LUT-Based AdaBoost for Gender Classification,
AVBPA03(104-110).
HTML Version. 0310
BibRef

Rodriguez, J.[Jobany], Bortfeld, H.[Heather], Gutierrez-Osuna, R.[Ricardo],
Reducing the other-race effect through caricatures,
FG08(1-5).
IEEE DOI Link 0809
BibRef

Whitehill, J.[Jacob], Movellan, J.R.[Javier R.],
Personalized facial attractiveness prediction,
FG08(1-7).
IEEE DOI Link 0809
BibRef

Lanitis, A.[Andreas],
Evaluating the performance of face-aging algorithms,
FG08(1-6).
IEEE DOI Link 0809
BibRef

Park, U.S.[Un-Sang], Tong, Y.Y.[Yi-Ying], Jain, A.K.[Anil K.],
Face recognition with temporal invariance: A 3D aging model,
FG08(1-7).
IEEE DOI Link 0809
BibRef

Mayo, M.[Michael], Zhang, E.[Edmond],
Improving face gender classification by adding deliberately misaligned faces to the training data,
IVCNZ08(1-5).
IEEE DOI Link 0811
BibRef

Kotti, M.[Margarita], Kotropoulos, C.[Constantine],
Gender classification in two Emotional Speech databases,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI Link 0812
BibRef

Zhuang, X.D.[Xiao-Dan], Zhou, X.[Xi], Hasegawa-Johnson, M.[Mark], Huang, T.[Thomas],
Face age estimation using patch-based hidden Markov model supervectors,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI Link 0812
BibRef

Xu, Z.[Ziyi], Lu, L.[Li], Shi, P.F.[Peng-Fei],
A hybrid approach to gender classification from face images,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI Link 0812
BibRef

Scalzo, F.[Fabien], Bebis, G.N.[George N.], Nicolescu, M.[Mircea], Loss, L.A.[Leandro A.], Tavakkoli, A.[Alireza],
Feature Fusion Hierarchies for gender classification,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI Link 0812
BibRef

Jiang, F.Y.[Fang-Yuan], Wang, Y.H.[Yun-Hong],
Facial aging simulation based on super-resolution in tensor space,
ICIP08(1648-1651).
IEEE DOI Link 0810
BibRef

Leng, X.M.[Xue-Ming], Wang, Y.D.[Yi-Ding],
Improving generalization for gender classification,
ICIP08(1656-1659).
IEEE DOI Link 0810
BibRef

Ramanathan, N.[Narayanan], Chellappa, R.[Rama],
Modeling shape and textural variations in aging faces,
FG08(1-8).
IEEE DOI Link 0809
BibRef

Biswas, S.[Soma], Aggarwal, G.[Gaurav], Ramanathan, N.[Narayanan], Chellappa, R.[Rama],
A Non-generative Approach for Face Recognition Across Aging,
BTAS08(1-6).
IEEE DOI Link 0809
BibRef

Sethuram, A.[Amrutha], Patterson, E.[Eric], Ricanek, K.[Karl], Rawls, A.[Allen],
Improvements and Performance Evaluation Concerning Synthetic Age Progression and Face Recognition Affected by Adult Aging,
ICB09(62-71).
Springer DOI Link 0906
BibRef

Patterson, E., Sethuram, A., Albert, M., Ricanek, K., King, M.,
Aspects of Age Variation in Facial Morphology Affecting Biometrics,
BTAS07(1-6).
IEEE DOI Link 0709
BibRef

Ricanek, K., Tesafaye, T.,
MORPH: A Longitudinal Image Database of Normal Adult Age-Progression,
FGR06(341-345).
IEEE DOI Link 0604
BibRef

Thomas, V., Chawla, N.V., Bowyer, K.W., Flynn, P.J.,
Learning to predict gender from iris images,
BTAS07(1-5).
IEEE DOI Link 0709
BibRef

Yan, S.C.[Shui-Cheng], Zhou, X.[Xi], Liu, M.[Ming], Hasegawa-Johnson, M.[Mark], Huang, T.S.[Thomas S.],
Regression from patch-kernel,
CVPR08(1-8).
IEEE DOI Link 0806
Apply to Age and head pose issues. BibRef

Gallagher, A.C.[Andrew C.], Chen, T.H.[Tsu-Han],
Estimating age, gender, and identity using first name priors,
CVPR08(1-8).
IEEE DOI Link 0806
BibRef

Andreu, Y.[Yasmina], Mollineda, R.A.[Ramón A.], García-Sevilla, P.[Pedro],
Gender Recognition from a Partial View of the Face Using Local Feature Vectors,
IbPRIA09(481-488).
Springer DOI Link 0906
BibRef

Andreu, Y.[Yasmina], Mollineda, R.A.[Ramón A.],
On the Complementarity of Face Parts for Gender Recognition,
CIARP08(252-260).
Springer DOI Link 0809
BibRef
And:
The Role of Face Parts in Gender Recognition,
ICIAR08(xx-yy).
Springer DOI Link 0806
BibRef

Shan, C.F.[Cai-Feng], Gong, S.G.[Shao-Gang], McOwan, P.W.[Peter W.],
Learning gender from human gaits and faces,
AVSBS07(505-510).
IEEE DOI Link 0709
BibRef

Singh, R.[Richa], Vatsa, M.[Mayank], Noore, A.[Afzel], Singh, S.K.[Sanjay K.],
Age Transformation for Improving Face Recognition Performance,
PReMI07(576-583).
Springer DOI Link 0712
See also Mosaicing Scheme for Pose-Invariant Face Recognition, A. BibRef

Wang, H.[Huan], Yan, S.C.[Shui-Cheng], Huang, T.S.[Thomas S.], Liu, J.Z.[Jian-Zhuang], Tang, X.[Xiaoou],
Misalignment-robust face recognition,
CVPR08(1-6).
IEEE DOI Link 0806
BibRef

Yan, S.C.[Shui-Cheng], Wang, H.[Huan], Tang, X.[Xiaoou], Huang, T.S.[Thomas S.],
Learning Auto-Structured Regressor from Uncertain Nonnegative Labels,
ICCV07(1-8).
IEEE DOI Link 0710
Apply to human age and pose. BibRef

Ling, H.B.[Hai-Bin], Soatto, S.[Stefano], Ramanathan, N.[Narayanan], Jacobs, D.W.[David W.],
A Study of Face Recognition as People Age,
ICCV07(1-8).
IEEE DOI Link 0710
BibRef

Xu, X.[Xun], Huang, T.S.[Thomas S.],
SODA-Boosting and Its Application to Gender Recognition,
AMFG07(193-204).
Springer DOI Link 0710
BibRef

Castrillón-Santana, M.[Modesto], Vuong, Q.C.[Quoc C.],
An Analysis of Automatic Gender Classification,
CIARP07(271-280).
Springer DOI Link 0711
BibRef

Suo, J.L.[Jin-Li], Wu, T.F.[Tian-Fu], Zhu, S.C.[Song-Chun], Shan, S.G.[Shi-Guang], Chen, X.L.[Xi-Lin], Gao, W.[Wen],
Design sparse features for age estimation using hierarchical face model,
FG08(1-6).
IEEE DOI Link 0809
BibRef

Suo, J.L.[Jin-Li], Min, F.[Feng], Zhu, S.C.[Song-Chun], Shan, S.G.[Shi-Guang], Chen, X.L.[Xi-Lin],
A Multi-Resolution Dynamic Model for Face Aging Simulation,
CVPR07(1-8).
IEEE DOI Link 0706
BibRef

Verschae, R.[Rodrigo], Ruiz-del-Solar, J.[Javier], Correa, M.[Mauricio],
Gender Classification of Faces Using Adaboost,
CIARP06(68-78).
Springer DOI Link 0611
BibRef

Wu, J.[Jing], Smith, W.A.P.[William A. P.], Hancock, E.R.[Edwin R.],
Gender classification based on facial surface normals,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI Link 0812
BibRef
And:
Supervised Principal Geodesic Analysis on Facial Surface Normals for Gender Classification,
SSPR08(664-673).
Springer DOI Link 0812
BibRef
And:
Facial Gender Classification Using Shape from Shading and Weighted Principal Geodesic Analysis,
ICIAR08(xx-yy).
Springer DOI Link 0806
BibRef
Earlier:
Gender Classification using Shape from Shading,
BMVC07(xx-yy).
PDF Version. 0709
BibRef
And:
Weighted Principal Geodesic Analysis for Facial Gender Classification,
CIARP07(331-339).
Springer DOI Link 0711
BibRef
And:
Learning Mixture Models for Gender Classification Based on Facial Surface Normals,
IbPRIA07(I: 39-46).
Springer DOI Link 0706
BibRef
Earlier:
Gender Classification Using Principal Geodesic Analysis and Gaussian Mixture Models,
CIARP06(58-67).
Springer DOI Link 0611
See also Facial Shape-from-shading and Recognition Using Principal Geodesic Analysis and Robust Statistics. BibRef

Dickens, M.P.[Matthew P.], Smith, W.A.P.[William A. P.], Wu, J.[Jing], Hancock, E.R.[Edwin R.],
Face Recognition Using Principal Geodesic Analysis and Manifold Learning,
IbPRIA07(I: 426-434).
Springer DOI Link 0706
See also Recovering Facial Shape Using a Statistical Model of Surface Normal Direction. BibRef

Wang, J.Y.[Jun-Yan], Shang, Y.[Yan], Su, G.D.[Guang-Da], Lin, X.G.[Xing-Gang],
Age simulation for face recognition,
ICPR06(III: 913-916).
WWW Version. 0609
BibRef

Tivive, F.H.C.[Fok Hing Chi], Bouzerdoum, A.[Abdesselam],
A Shunting Inhibitory Convolutional Neural Network for Gender Classification,
ICPR06(IV: 421-424).
WWW Version. 0609
BibRef

Lapedriza, A.[Agata], Maryn-Jimenez, M.J.[Manuel J.], Vitria, J.[Jordi],
Gender Recognition in Non Controlled Environments,
ICPR06(III: 834-837).
WWW Version. 0609
BibRef

Ben Abdelkader, C.[Chiraz], Griffin, P.A.[Paul A.],
A Local Region-based Approach to Gender Classification From Face Images,
LCV05(III: 52-52).
IEEE DOI Link 0507
See also Comparing and combining depth and texture cues for face recognition. BibRef

Okada, Y., Ohzu, M., Sakurai, T., Inaba, M., Akamatsu, S.,
Automatic Impression Transformation of Faces in 3D Shape: A Perceptual Comparison with Processing on 2D Images,
FGR06(535-540).
IEEE DOI Link 0604
Transform faces along gender variations. BibRef

Saatci, Y., Town, C.,
Cascaded Classification of Gender and Facial Expression using Active Appearance Models,
FGR06(393-400).
IEEE DOI Link 0604
BibRef

Ueki, K.[Kazuya], Miya, M.[Masakazu], Ogawa, T.[Tetsuji], Kobayashi, T.[Tetsunori],
Class Distance Weighted Locality Preserving Projection for Automatic Age Estimation,
BTAS08(1-5).
IEEE DOI Link 0809
BibRef

Ueki, K., Hayashida, T., Kobayashi, T.,
Subspace-based Age-group Classification Using Facial Images under Various Lighting Conditions,
FGR06(43-48).
IEEE DOI Link 0604
BibRef

Ueki, K., Komatsu, H., Imaizumi, S., Kaneko, K., Sekine, N., Katto, J., Kobayashi, T.,
A method of gender classification by integrating facial, hairstyle, and clothing images,
ICPR04(IV: 446-449).
IEEE DOI Link 0409
BibRef

Lu, X.G.[Xiao-Guang], Chen, H.[Hong], Jain, A.K.[Anil K.],
Multimodal Facial Gender and Ethnicity Identification,
ICB06(554-561).
Springer DOI Link 0601
BibRef

Pavlidis, I.[Ioannis], Symosek, P.[Peter],
The Imaging Issue in an Automatic Face/Disguise Detection System,
CVBVS00(15).
IEEE DOI Link 0006
BibRef

Nishino, S., Sachiyo, I., Matsuda, A.,
Gender determining method using thermography,
ICIP04(V: 2961-2964).
IEEE DOI Link 0505
BibRef

Yin, L.J.[Li-Jun], Jia, J.R.[Jing-Rong], Morrissey, J.,
Towards race-related face identification: Research on skin color transfer,
AFGR04(362-368).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0411
BibRef

Hosoi, S., Takikawa, E., Kawade, M.,
Ethnicity estimation with facial images,
AFGR04(195-200).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0411
BibRef

Costen, N.P., Brown, M., Akamatsu, S.,
Sparse models for gender classification,
AFGR04(201-206).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0411
BibRef

Costen, N.P., Brown, M.,
Exploratory Sparse Models for Face Recognition,
BMVC03(xx-yy).
HTML Version. 0409
BibRef

Kawano, T., Kato, K., Yamamoto, K.,
A comparison of the gender differentiation capability between facial parts,
ICPR04(I: 350-353).
IEEE DOI Link 0409
BibRef

Jain, A.K., Huang, J.,
Integrating independent components and support vector machines for gender classification,
ICPR04(III: 558-561).
IEEE DOI Link 0409
BibRef
And:
Integrating independent components and linear discriminant analysis for gender classification,
AFGR04(159-163).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0411
BibRef

Liu, Y., Mitra, S.,
A Quantified Study of Facial Asymmetry and Gender Difference,
CMU-RI-TR-03-09, April, 2003.
HTML Version. 0306
BibRef

Sun, Z.H.[Ze-Hang], Bebis, G.N., Yuan, X.J.[Xiao-Jing], Louis, S.J.,
Genetic feature subset selection for gender classification: A comparison study,
WACV02(165-170).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0303
BibRef

Graf, A.B.A.[Arnulf B.A.], Wichmann, F.A.[Felix A.],
Gender Classification of Human Faces,
BMCV02(491 ff.).
HTML Version. 0303
BibRef

Hayashi, J., Yasumoto, M., Ito, H., Koshimizu, H.,
Age and gender estimation based on wrinkle texture and color of facial images,
ICPR02(I: 405-408).
IEEE DOI Link 0211
BibRef

Gutta, S., Wechsler, H., Phillips, P.J.,
Gender and Ethnic Classification of Face Images,
AFGR98(194-199).
IEEE DOI Link BibRef 9800

Chapter on Face Recognition, Detection, Tracking, Gesture Recognition, Fingerprints, Biometrics continues in
Face Analysis -- Find and Use Features, Facial Features .