21.2.7.2 Finding Faces by Finding Features

Yow, K.C., Cipolla, R.,
Feature-Based Human Face Detection,
IVC(15), No. 9, September 1997, pp. 713-735.
WWW Version.
Postscript Version. 9709
BibRef
Earlier:
Scale and Orientation Invariance in Human Face Detection,
BMVC96(745-754).
HTML Version.
Postscript Version. 9608
BibRef
Earlier:
Enhancing human face detection using motion and active contours,
ACCV98(I: 515-522). University of Cambridge BibRef

Yow, K.C., Cipolla, R.,
A probabilistic framework for perceptual grouping of features in human face detection,
AFGR96(16-21).
IEEE DOI Link BibRef 9600

Yow, K.C., Cipolla, R.,
Detection of human faces under scale, orientation and viewpoint variations,
AFGR96(295-300).
IEEE DOI Link BibRef 9600
Earlier:
Finding initial estimates of human face location,
ACCV95(III: 514-518).
HTML Version.
Postscript Version. BibRef
And:
Towards an automatic human face localisation system,
BMVC95(701-710).
PDF Version.
HTML Version.
Postscript Version. 9509
BibRef

Kervrann, C., Davoine, F., Perez, P., Forchheimer, R., Labit, C.,
Generalized Likelihood Ratio-Based Face Detection and Extraction of Mouth Features,
PRL(18), No. 9, September 1997, pp. 899-912. 9801
BibRef

Saber, E., Tekalp, A.M.,
Frontal View Face Detection and Facial Feature Extraction Using Color, Shape and Symmetry Based Cost Functions,
PRL(19), No. 8, June 1998, pp. 669-680. 9808
BibRef
Earlier:
Face Detection and Facial Feature Extraction Using Color, Shape and Symmetry Based Cost Functions,
ICPR96(III: 654-658).
IEEE DOI Link 9608
(Univ. of Rochester, USA) BibRef

Yao, H.X.[Hong-Xun], Gao, W.[Wen],
Face detection and location based on skin chrominance and lip chrominance transformation from color images,
PR(34), No. 8, August 2001, pp. 1555-1564.
WWW Version. 0105
BibRef

Yuan, Q.[Quan], Gao, W.[Wen], Yao, H.X.[Hong-Xun],
Robust frontal face detection in complex environment,
ICPR02(I: 25-28).
IEEE DOI Link 0211
BibRef

Zhang, H.M.[Hong-Ming], Gao, W.[Wen], Chen, X.L.[Xi-Lin], Shan, S.G.[Shi-Guang], Zhao, D.B.[De-Bin],
Robust Multi-view Face Detection Using Error Correcting Output Codes,
ECCV06(IV: 1-12).
Springer DOI Link 0608
BibRef

Han, H.[Hu], Shan, S.G.[Shi-Guang], Qing, L.Y.[Lai-Yun], Chen, X.L.[Xi-Lin], Gao, W.[Wen],
Lighting Aware Preprocessing for Face Recognition across Varying Illumination,
ECCV10(II: 308-321).
Springer DOI Link 1009
BibRef

Shan, S.G.[Shi-Guang], Gao, W.[Wen], Cao, B.[Bo], Zhao, D.B.[De-Bin],
Illumination normalization for robust face recognition against varying lighting conditions,
AMFG03(157-164).
IEEE Abstract. 0311
BibRef

Lin, C.H.[Chiun-Hsiun], Fan, K.C.[Kuo-Chin],
Triangle-based approach to the detection of human face,
PR(34), No. 6, June 2001, pp. 1271-1284.
WWW Version. 0103
BibRef
Earlier:
Human Face Detection Using Geometric Triangle Relationship,
ICPR00(Vol II: 941-944).
IEEE DOI Link 0009
Hypothesis and test. Based on eyes and mouth. BibRef

Hsieh, I.S.[Ing-Sheen], Fan, K.C.[Kuo-Chin], Lin, C.H.[Chiun-Hsiun],
A statistic approach to the detection of human faces in color nature scene,
PR(35), No. 7, July 2002, pp. 1583-1596.
WWW Version. 0204
BibRef

Lin, C.H.[Chiun-Hsiun], Fan, K.C.[Kuo-Chin],
Pose classification of human faces by weighting mask function approach,
PRL(24), No. 12, August 2003, pp. 1857-1869.
WWW Version. 0304
BibRef

Wong, K.W.[Kwok-Wai], Lam, K.M.[Kin-Man], Siu, W.C.[Wan-Chi],
An efficient algorithm for human face detection and facial feature extraction under different conditions,
PR(34), No. 10, October 2001, pp. 1993-2004.
WWW Version. 0108
See also efficient low bit-rate video-coding algorithm focusing on moving regions, An. BibRef

Wan, K.W.[Kwok-Wai], Lam, K.M.[Kin-Man], Ng, K.C.[Kit-Chong],
An accurate active shape model for facial feature extraction,
PRL(26), No. 15, November 2005, pp. 2409-2423.
WWW Version. 0510
BibRef

Bhuiyan, M. .A.A.[M. Al-Amin], Hama, H.[Hiromitsu],
Identification of actors drawn in Ukiyoe pictures,
PR(35), No. 1, January 2002, pp. 93-102.
WWW Version. 0111
BibRef

Fan, L.X.[Li-Xin], Sung, K.K.[Kah-Kay],
Model-based varying pose face detection and facial feature registration in colour images,
PRL(24), No. 1-3, January 2003, pp. 237-249.
Elsevier DOI Link 0211
BibRef
Earlier:
Face Detection and Pose Alignment using Color, Shape and Texture Information,
VS00(xx-yy). 0102
BibRef

Chiang, C.C.[Cheng-Chin], Tai, W.K.[Wen-Kai], Yang, M.T.[Mau-Tsuen], Huang, Y.T.[Yi-Ting], Huang, C.J.[Chi-Jaung],
A novel method for detecting lips, eyes and faces in real time,
RealTimeImg(9), No. 4, August 2003, pp. 277-287.
WWW Version. 0311
BibRef

Chiang, C.C.[Cheng-Chin], Huang, C.J.[Chi-Jang],
A robust method for detecting arbitrarily tilted human faces in color images,
PRL(26), No. 16, December 2005, pp. 2518-2536.
WWW Version. 0512
BibRef

Kang, D.J.[Dong-Joong], Ryoo, S.G.[Sung-Gul], Kim, J.Y.[Ji-Yeun], Kim, C.Y.[Chang-Yeong], Seo, Y.S.[Yang-Seock],
Apparatus and method for detecting speaking person's eyes and face,
US_Patent6,611,613, Aug 26, 2003
WWW Version. BibRef 0308

Yamada, S.[Shin], Itoh, R.[Ryuta], Nagao, K.[Kenji], Souma, M.[Masaki],
Method for detecting a human face and an apparatus of the same,
US_Patent6,885,760, April 26, 2005.
WWW Version. Finds eyes. BibRef 0504

Souma, M.[Masaki], Nagao, K.[Kenji],
Feature extraction system and face image recognition system,
US_Patent5,901,244, May 4, 1999
WWW Version. BibRef 9905

Toyama, K.[Kentaro],
System and method for face detection through geometric distribution of a non-intensity image property,
US_Patent6,792,135, Sep 14, 2004
WWW Version. BibRef 0409

Wang, G.A., Chen, H., Xu, J.J., Atabakhsh, H.,
Automatically detecting criminal identity deception: An adaptive detection algorithm,
SMC-A(36), No. 5, September 2006, pp. 988-999.
IEEE DOI Link 0609
BibRef

Phimoltares, S., Lursinsap, C.L., Chamnongthai, K.,
Face detection and facial feature localization without considering the appearance of image context,
IVC(25), No. 5, 1 May 2007, pp. 741-753.
WWW Version. 0703
Face detection; Face location; Facial feature detection; Neural visual model; Pattern recognition BibRef

Nanni, L.[Loris], Lumini, A.[Alessandra],
A multi-expert approach for wavelet-based face detection,
PRL(28), No. 12, 1 September 2007, pp. 1541-1547.
WWW Version. 0707
Face detection; Multi-matcher; Wavelet See also clustering method for automatic biometric template selection, A. See also RegionBoost learning for 2D+3D based face recognition. BibRef

Rätsch, M.[Matthias], Teschke, G.[Gerd], Romdhani, S.[Sami], Vetter, T.[Thomas],
Wavelet Frame Accelerated Reduced Support Vector Machines,
IP(17), No. 12, December 2008, pp. 2456-2464.
IEEE DOI Link 0811
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A3, A2, A4:
Over-Complete Wavelet Approximation of a Support Vector Machine for Efficient Classification,
DAGM05(351).
Springer DOI Link 0509
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A3, A4, Only:
Efficient Face Detection by a Cascaded Support Vector Machine Using Haar-Like Features,
DAGM04(62-70).
WWW Version. 0505
BibRef

Li, X.H.[Xiao-Hua], Lam, K.M.[Kin-Man], Shen, L.S.[Lan-Sun], Zhou, J.[Jiliu],
Face detection using simplified Gabor features and hierarchical regions in a cascade of classifiers,
PRL(30), No. 8, 1 June 2009, pp. 717-728.
Elsevier DOI Link
WWW Version. 0905
Face detection; AdaBoost; Context information; Simplified Gabor features BibRef

Perez, C.A.[Claudio A.], Aravena, C.M.[Carlos M.], Vallejos, J.I.[Juan I.], Estevez, P.A.[Pablo A.], Held, C.M.[Claudio M.],
Face and iris localization using templates designed by particle swarm optimization,
PRL(31), No. 9, 1 July 2010, pp. 857-868.
Elsevier DOI Link
WWW Version. 1004
Face localization; Eye localization; PSO templates; Anthropometric templates; Real-time face localization; Real-time eye localization BibRef

Park, C.W.[Chang-Woo], Lee, T.[Taigun],
A robust facial feature detection on mobile robot platform,
MVA(21), No. 6, October 2010, pp. 981-988.
WWW Version. 1011
Pose variations, illumination and background changes. Find features to estimate face region. BibRef

Guo, J.M., Lin, C.C., Wu, M.F., Chang, C.H., Lee, H.,
Complexity Reduced Face Detection Using Probability-Based Face Mask Prefiltering and Pixel-Based Hierarchical-Feature Adaboosting,
SPLetters(18), No. 8, August 2011, pp. 447-450.
IEEE DOI Link 1107
BibRef

Wang, S.[Sheng], Wu, Q.A.[Qi-Ang], He, X.J.[Xiang-Jian], Jia, W.J.[Wen-Jing],
More on Weak Feature: Self-correlate Histogram Distances,
PSIVT11(I: 214-223).
Springer DOI Link 1111
weak feature (Haar-like feature). strong feature (Histogram of Oriented Gradient). For face detection BibRef

Landesa-Vazquez, I.[Iago], Alba-Castro, J.L.[Jose Luis],
The Role of Polarity in Haar-like Features for Face Detection,
ICPR10(412-415).
IEEE DOI Link 1008
BibRef

Majed, S.[Somaya], Arof, H.[Hamzah], Hashmi, Z.[Zafar],
Orientation Features-Based Face Detection by Using Local Orientation Histogram Framework,
IVIC09(738-747).
Springer DOI Link 0911
BibRef

Gonzalez-Jimenez, D.[Daniel], Argones-Rua, E.[Enrique], Perez-Gonzalez, F.[Fernando], Alba-Castro, J.L.[Jose Luis],
Modeling magnitudes of Gabor coefficients: The beta-Rayleigh distribution,
ICIP09(1245-1248).
IEEE DOI Link 0911
Gaussian densities to model Gabor coefficents. For faces. BibRef

Kozakaya, T.[Tatsuo], Ito, S.[Satoshi], Kubota, S.[Susumu], Yamaguchi, O.[Osamu],
Cat face detection with two heterogeneous features,
ICIP09(1213-1216).
IEEE DOI Link 0911
BibRef

Zhang, B.[Bang], Ye, G.[Getian], Wang, Y.[Yang], Wang, W.[Wei], Xu, J.[Jie], Herman, G.[Gunawan], Yang, J.[Jun],
Informative frequent assembled feature for face detection,
ICIP09(1205-1208).
IEEE DOI Link 0911
BibRef

Cordiner, A.[Alister], Ogunbona, P.[Philip], Li, W.Q.[Wan-Qing],
Face detection using generalised integral image features,
ICIP09(1229-1232).
IEEE DOI Link 0911
BibRef

Wu, H.Y.[Hai-Yuan], Suzuki, K.[Kazumasa], Wada, T.[Toshikazu], Chen, Q.[Qian],
Accelerating Face Detection by Using Depth Information,
PSIVT09(657-667).
Springer DOI Link 0901
BibRef

Pham, M.T.[Minh-Tri], Cham, T.J.[Tat-Jen],
Fast training and selection of Haar features using statistics in boosting-based face detection,
ICCV07(1-7).
IEEE DOI Link 0710
BibRef

Oskarsson, M.[Magnus], Åström, K.[Kalle],
Maximum Likelihood Estimates for Object Detection Using Multiple Detectors,
SSPR06(658-666).
Springer DOI Link 0608
Show how to combine the results of a number of detectors i.e. face, eye, nose and mouth detectors. BibRef

Mateos, G.G.[Ginés Garcia], Chicote, C.V.[Cristina Vicente],
Face Detection on Still Images Using HIT Maps,
AVBPA01(102).
HTML Version. 0310
BibRef

Park, J.H.[Jeong-Hee], Seo, J.W.[Jung-Won], An, D.G.[Don-Gun], Chung, S.J.[Seong-Jong],
Detection of human faces using skin color and eyes,
ICME00(133-136). 0007
BibRef

Kim, J.B.[Jong Bae], Moon, C.H.[Chae Hyun], Kim, H.J.[Hang Joon],
Wavelet-based morphological approach for detection of human face region,
ICPR02(I: 417-420).
IEEE DOI Link 0211
BibRef

Wu, H.Y.[Hai-Yuan], Yoshida, Y., Shioyama, T.,
Optimal gabor filters for high speed face identification,
ICPR02(I: 107-110).
IEEE DOI Link 0211
BibRef

Zhu, X.Q.[Xing-Quan], Fan, J.P.[Jian-Ping], Elmagarmid, A.K.,
Towards facial feature extraction and verification for omni-face detection in video/images,
ICIP02(II: 113-116).
IEEE Abstract. 0210
BibRef

Kapralos, B., Jenkin, M.R.M., Milios, E., Tsotsos, J.K.,
Eyes 'n Ears Face Detection,
ICIP01(I: 66-69).
IEEE Abstract. 0108
BibRef

Song, Q., Robinson, J.,
A Feature Space for Face Image Processing,
ICPR00(Vol II: 97-100).
IEEE DOI Link 0009
Finding faces. BibRef

Holst, G.,
Face Detection by Facets: Combined Bottom-up and Top-down Search Using Compound Templates,
ICIP00(Vol II: 235-238).
IEEE Abstract. 0008
BibRef

Scassellati, B.[Brian],
Real-Time Face and Eye finding with an Active Vision System,
DARPA98(929-938). BibRef 9800
And:
Eye finding via face detection for a foveated, active vision system,
NCAI98(xx-yy). BibRef

Chapter on Face Recognition, Detection, Tracking, Gesture Recognition, Fingerprints, Biometrics continues in
Finding Faces by Color Features .