9.13 Surface and Shape from Contours or Silhouettes

Chapter Contents (Back)
Symmetry. Contours. Line Drawings. Shape from Contours. Silhouette.

Whitney, H.,
On Singularities of Mappings of Euclidean Spaces. I. Mappings of the Plane into the Plane,
Annals of Math.(62), No. 3, November 1955, pp. 374-410. Mathmatical basis for much of the analysis of surfaces. BibRef 5511

Binford, T.O.,
Inferring Surfaces from Images,
AI(17), No. 1-3, August 1981, pp. 205-244.
WWW Version. Perceptual Grouping. Lots of discussion about how things can be, but no work on real images. BibRef 8108

Lowe, D.G.[David G.], and Binford, T.O.[Thomas O.],
The Recovery of Three-Dimensional Structure from Image Curves,
PAMI(7), No. 3, May 1985, pp. 320-326. BibRef 8505
Earlier:
The Interpretation of Three-Dimensional Structure from Image Curves,
IJCAI81(613-618). BibRef
And:
The Interpretation of Geometric Structure from Image Boundaries,
DARPA81(39-46). See also Inferring Surfaces from Images. Stanford AI Lab. How to get the 3-D structure from the collection of lines that come out in standard linear analysis. BibRef

Udupa, J.K.,
Determination of 3-D Shape Parameters from Boundary Information,
CGIP(17), No. 1, 1981, pp. 52-59. BibRef 8100

Koenderink, J.J.,
What Does the Occluding Contour Tell Us About Solid Shape?,
Perception(13), 1984, pp. 321-330. BibRef 8400

Koenderink, J.J.,
Solid Shape,
MIT Press1990. BibRef 9000

Koenderink, J.J., and van Doorn, A.J.,
The Shape of Smooth Objects and the Way Contours End,
Perception(11), 1982, pp. 129-137. BibRef 8200

Koenderink, J.J., and van Doorn, A.J.,
The Singularities of the Visual Mapping,
BioCyber(24), No. 1, 1976, pp. 51-59. BibRef 7600

Koenderink, J.J.[Jan J.], van Doorn, A.J.[Andrea J.],
Illuminance critical points on generic smooth surfaces,
JOSA-A(10), No. 5, May 1993, pp. 844-854.
WWW Version. BibRef 9305

Brady, M.[Michael], and Yuille, A.L.[Alan L.],
An Extremum Principle for Shape from Contour,
PAMI(6), No. 3, May, 1984, pp. 288-301. BibRef 8405
Earlier: IJCAI83(969-972). BibRef
And: MIT AI Memo-711, June 1983. The actual shape (orientation) is one to maximize area/p^2 BibRef

Sanz, J.L.C.,
On the Reconstruction of Band-Limited Multidimensional Signals from Algebraic Sampling Contours,
PIEEE(73), 1985, pp. 1334-1336. BibRef 8500

Weiss, I.[Isaac],
3-D Shape Representation by Contours,
CVGIP(41), No. 1, January 1988, pp. 80-100. BibRef 8801
Earlier: IJCAI85(969-972). BibRef
And: UMDCS-TR-1707, September 1986. (MIT, now UMd). An extension of the work of Brady and Yuille. BibRef

Berthilsson, R., Åström, K.[Kalle],
Extension of Affine Shape,
JMIV(11), No. 2, October 1999, pp. 119-136.
WWW Version. BibRef 9910
Earlier:
Reconstruction of 3-D Curves from 2-D Images Using Affine Shape Methods for Curves,
CVPR97(476-481).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 9704 BibRef
And: SSAB97(Computer Vision) 9703 BibRef

Berthilsson, R.[Rikard],
Affine Correlation,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1458-1460).
WWW Version. 9808 BibRef

Szeliski, R.S., and Weiss, R.[Richard],
Robust Shape Recovery from Occluding Contours Using a Linear Smoother,
IJCV(28), No. 1, June 1998, pp. 27-44.
WWW Version. 9807 BibRef
Earlier: CVPR93(666-667).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. BibRef
And: DARPA93(939-948). BibRef
And: DEC-CRL-93-7, December 1993.
HTML Version. Shape from contour plus stereo. BibRef

Kehtarnavaz, N., Simar, L.R., and de Figueiredo, R.J.P.,
A Syntactic/Semantic Technique for Surface Reconstruction from Cross-Sectional Contours,
CVGIP(42), No. 3, June 1988, pp. 399-409. See also Framework for Surface Reconstruction for 3D Contours, A. BibRef 8806

Beusmans, J.M.H.,
Computing Occluding Contours Using Spherical Images,
CVGIP(53), No. 1, January 1991, pp. 97-111.
WWW Version. BibRef 9101

Velho, L., Terzopoulos, D., Gomes, J.,
Constructing Implicit Shape Models from Boundary Data,
GMIP(57), No. 3, May 1995, pp. 220-234. BibRef 9505

Malik, J., and Maydan, D.,
Recovering Three-Dimensional Shape from a Single Image of Curved Objects,
PAMI(11), No. 6, June 1989, pp. 555-566.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 8906
Earlier: A1 only: IJCAI87(734-737). From line labelings of curved objects and possible interpretations. The paper with Binford is an early approach. Apply a labeling approach, but for each point along the curve. Curved objects can have lines with different interpretations along the curve. BibRef

Malik, J., and Binford, T.O.,
A Theory of Line Drawing Interpretation,
DARPA84(188-194). Related to the preceding papers. BibRef 8400

Lee, H.C., and Fu, K.S.,
3-D Shape from Contour and Selective Confirmation,
CVGIP(22), No. 1, April 1983, pp. 177-193.
WWW Version. BibRef 8304
Earlier: CVWS82(162-170). It is not clear how far the description really goes. BibRef

Stevens, K.A.[Kent A.],
The Visual Interpretation of Surface Contours,
AI(17), No. 1-3, August 1981, pp. 47-73.
WWW Version. BibRef 8108
And:
Constraints on the Visual Interpretation of Surface Contours,
MIT AI Memo-522, March 1979. BibRef
Earlier:
Occlusion Clues and Subjective Contours,
MIT AI Memo363, June 1976. People use the contour for shape, so why not computers. BibRef

Stevens, K.A.[Kent A.],
The Line of Curvature Constraint and the Interpretation of 3-D Shape from Parallel Surface Contours,
IJCAI83(1057-1061). BibRef 8300

Stevens, K.A.[Kent A.],
Implementation of a Theory for Inferring Surface Shape from Contours,
MIT AI Memo-676, August 1982. BibRef 8208

Kanatani, K.I.,
Reconstruction of Consistent Shape from Inconsistent Data: Optimization of 2.5D Sketches,
IJCV(3), No. 4, November, 1989, pp. 261-292. BibRef 8911
Earlier: ICCV88(508-512).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. BibRef

de Floriani, L.[Leila],
Feature Extraction for Boundary Models of Three-Dimensional Objects,
PAMI(11), No. 8, August 1989, pp. 785-798.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. The paper is from a graphics background, find protrusions or depressions on faces. BibRef 8908

Giblin, P.J., and Soares, M.G.,
On the Geometry of a Surface and Its Singular Profiles,
IVC(6), No. 4, November 1988, pp. 225-234.
WWW Version. BibRef 8811

Cipolla, R.[Roberto], Fletcher, G.J.[Gordon J.], Giblin, P.J.[Peter J.],
Following Cusps,
IJCV(23), No. 2, June 1997, pp. 115-129.
WWW Version. 9708 BibRef
Earlier:
Surface Geometry from Cusps of Apparent Contours,
ICCV95(858-863).
WWW Version.
WWW Version. Rather than fail where there are cusps, analyze them. BibRef

Taylor, M.J., Blake, A.,
Grasping the Apparent Contour,
ECCV94(B:25-34).
WWW Version. BibRef 9400

van Otterloo, P.J.[Peter J.],
A Contour-Oriented Approach to Shape Analysis,
Hertfordshire, UK: Prentice HallInternational (UK), 1991. ISBN 0-13-173840-2. Face Recognition. Global, deterministic, information preserving. BibRef 9100

Vaillant, R.[Régis], and Faugeras, O.D.,
Using Extremal Boundaries for 3-D Object Modeling,
PAMI(14), No. 2, February 1992, pp. 157-173.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 9202
Earlier:
Using Occluding Contours for Recovering Shape Properties of Objects,
3DWS89(26-32). Analysis of the problems of edges on curved surfaces. Uses more than 2 views. BibRef

Vaillant, R.[Régis],
Using occluding contours for 3D object modeling,
ECCV90(454-464).
WWW Version. 9004 BibRef

Meyers, D., Skinner, S., Sloan, K.,
Surfaces from Contours,
TOG(11), 1992, pp. 228-258. BibRef 9200

Laurentini, A.,
How Far 3D Shapes Can Be Understood from 2D Silhouettes,
PAMI(17), No. 2, February 1995, pp. 188-195.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. Many objects can have the same silhouette. BibRef 9502

Horaud, R., and Brady, M.,
On the Geometric Interpretation of Image Contours,
AI(37), No. 1-3, December, 1988, pp. 333-353.
WWW Version. BibRef 8812
Earlier: ICCV87(374-382). BibRef

Cohen, F.S., and Wang, J.Y.,
Part I: Modeling Image Curves Using Invariant 3-D Object Curve Models -- A Path to 3-D Recognition and Shape Estimation from Image Contours,
PAMI(16), No. 1, January 1994, pp. 1-12.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 9401
Earlier:
3-D Recognition and Shape Estimation from Image Contours Using Invariant 3-D Object Curve Models,
CVPR92(722-725).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. Contours in real images. See also On Active Contour Models and Balloons. and See also Finite-Element Methods for Active Contour Models and Balloons for 2-D and 3-D Images. BibRef

Wang, J.Y., and Cohen, F.S.,
Part II: 3-D Object Recognition and Shape Estimation from Image Contours Using B-Splines, Shape Invariant Matching, and Neural Network,
PAMI(16), No. 1, January 1994, pp. 13-23.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 9401

Huang, Z., and Cohen, F.S.,
3-D Motion Estimation and Object Tracking Using B-Spline Curve Modeling,
CVPR93(748-749).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. More a recognition and use of the description to match different views than motion. BibRef 9300

Cohen, F.S., Huang, Z.H., Yang, Z.W.,
Invariant Matching and Identification of Curves Using B-Splines Curve Representation,
IP(4), No. 1, January 1995, pp. 1-10.
WWW Version. BibRef 9501
Earlier:
Curve Recognition Using B-Spline Representation,
WACV92(213-220).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. BibRef

Zhao, C.S., Mohr, R.,
Global Three-Dimensional Surface Reconstruction from Occluding Contours,
CVIU(64), No. 1, July 1996, pp. 62-96. 9608
WWW Version. BibRef

Arbogast, E., and Mohr, R.,
Curved Contours and Surface Reconstruction,
CVPR92(719-721).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. Egomotion etc. from contour matches. BibRef 9200

Lucas, Y., Redarce, T., Jutard, A.,
Spatial Contours for Vision and CAD Model-Matching,
IVC(14), No. 2, March 1996, pp. 147-157.
WWW Version. 9607 BibRef

Kwon, J.J., Kim, S.D.,
Uncertainty of Features in Planar Object Recognition and a New Classifier,
PRL(14), 1993, pp. 591-598. BibRef 9300

Boyer, E.[Edmond], Berger, M.O.[Marie Odile],
3D Surface Reconstruction Using Occluding Contours,
IJCV(22), No. 3, March/April 1997, pp. 219-233.
WWW Version. 9706 BibRef
Earlier: CAIP95(198-205).
WWW Version. 9509 BibRef

Ding, Y.[Yuan], Young, T.Y.[Tzay Y.],
Complete Shape from Imperfect Contour: A Rule-Based Approach,
CVIU(70), No. 2, May 1998, pp. 197-211.
WWW Version. BibRef 9805

Grattarola, A.A.,
Volumetric reconstruction from object silhouettes: A regularization procedure,
SP(27), No. 1, 1992, pp. 27-35. BibRef 9200

Joshi, T., Vijayakumar, B., Kriegman, D.J., Ponce, J.,
HOT Curves for Modeling and Recognition of Smooth Curved 3D Objects,
IVC(15), No. 7, July 1997, pp. 479-498.
WWW Version. 9708 BibRef
Earlier: A1, A4, A2, A3: CVPR94(876-880).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
Postscript Version. BibRef

Kriegman, D.J., Vijayakumar, B., and Ponce, J.,
Reconstruction of HOT Curves from Image Sequences,
CVPR93(20-26).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
HTML Version. High order of tangency -- find the points in several views (rotation by 20degs). BibRef 9300

Kriegman, D.J.[David J.], Ponce, J.[Jean],
Representations for recognizing complex curved 3D objects,
ORCV94(125-138).
WWW Version. 9412 BibRef

Furukawa, Y.[Yasutaka], Sethi, A.[Amit], Ponce, J.[Jean], Kriegman, D.J.[David J.],
Robust Structure and Motion from Outlines of Smooth Curved Surfaces,
PAMI(28), No. 2, February 2006, pp. 302-315.
WWW Version. 0601 BibRef
Earlier:
Structure and Motion from Images of Smooth Textureless Objects,
ECCV04(Vol II: 287-298).
WWW Version. 0405Silhouettes. Only true stereo is the boundary. BibRef

Vijayakumar, B., Kriegman, D.J.[David J.], Ponce, J.[Jean],
Structure and Motion of Curved 3D Objects from Monocular Silhouettes,
CVPR96(327-334).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version.
Postscript Version. Mostly using the contours, but using the sequence. BibRef 9600

Cong, G., Parvin, B.,
An Algebraic Solution to Surface Recovery from Cross-Sectional Contours,
GMIP(61), No. 4, July 1999, pp. 222-243. BibRef 9907

Cong, G.[Ge], Parvin, B.,
Surface Recovery from Planar Sectional Contours,
ICPR00(Vol IV: 106-109).
WWW Version.
HTML Version. 0009 BibRef

Cong, G.[Ge], Parvin, B.,
Shape from Interference Patterns,
ICPR98(Vol I: 420-424).
WWW Version. 9808 BibRef

Cong, G., Parvin, B.,
Surface Reconstruction from Sparse Fringe Contours,
WACV98(140-145).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 9809 BibRef

Cong, G.[Ge], Parvin, B.[Bahram],
Shape Recovery from Equal Thickness Contours,
PAMI(22), No. 9, September 2000, pp. 1055-1061.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 0010 BibRef
Earlier:
Shape from Equal Thickness Contours,
CVPR98(502-507).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. Represent in terms of the thickness of the object. From interference between transmitted and diffracted beams. BibRef

Fujimura, K.[Kikuo], Kuo, E.[Eddy],
Shape Reconstruction from Contours Using Isotopic Deformation,
GMIP(61), No. 3, May 1999, pp. 127-147. BibRef 9905

Gdalyahu, Y.[Yoram], Weinshall, D.[Daphna],
Flexible Syntactic Matching of Curves and Its Application to Automatic Hierarchical Classification of Silhouettes,
PAMI(21), No. 12, December 1999, pp. 1312-1328.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 0001 BibRef
Earlier:
Hierarchical Silhouettes Classification Using Curve Matching,
DARPA97(1223-1228). BibRef

Gdalyahu, Y.[Yoram], Weinshall, D.[Daphna],
Automatic Hierarchical Classification of Silhouettes of 3D Objects,
CVPR98(787-793).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. BibRef 9800
And:
Flexible syntactic matching of curves,
ECCV98(II: 123).
WWW Version. BibRef
Earlier:
Measures for Silhouettes Resemblance and Representative Silhouettes of Curved Objects,
ECCV96(II:361-375).
WWW Version. BibRef

Zweig, A.[Alon], Weinshall, D.[Daphna],
Exploiting Object Hierarchy: Combining Models from Different Category Levels,
ICCV07(1-8).
WWW Version. 0710 BibRef

Klein, R.[Reinhard], Schilling, A.[Andreas], Straßer, W.[Wolfgang],
Reconstruction and Simplification of Surfaces from Contours,
GM(62), No. 6, November 2000, pp. 429-443. 0102 BibRef

François, A.R.J., Medioni, G.G.,
Interactive 3D model extraction from a single image,
IVC(19), No. 6, April 2001, pp. 317-328.
WWW Version. BibRef 0104 USC Computer Vision
HTML Version. 0105Interactive model generation for graphics applications. The user indicates (1 point) edges and labels them (e.b. limb). BibRef

Park, J.S.[Jong Seung], Han, J.H.[Joon Hee],
Euclidean reconstruction from contour matches,
PR(35), No. 10, October 2002, pp. 2109-2124.
WWW Version. 0206 BibRef

Bottino, A., Laurentini, A.,
Introducing a new problem: Shape-from-silhouette when the relative positions of the viewpoints is unknown,
PAMI(25), No. 11, November 2003, pp. 1484-1493.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311 See also Silhouette Based Technique for the Reconstruction of Human Movement, A. BibRef

Akkouche, S.[Samir], Galin, E.[Eric],
Implicit surface reconstruction from contours,
VC(20), No. 6, August 2004, pp. 392-401.
WWW Version. 0408 BibRef

Han, Y.,
Geometric algorithms for least squares estimation of 3-D information from monocular image,
CirSysVideo(15), No. 2, February 2005, pp. 269-282.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0501 BibRef

Wu, H.[Hong], Yu, Y.Z.[Yi-Zhou],
Photogrammetric reconstruction of free-form objects with curvilinear structures,
VC(21), No. 4, May 2005, pp. 203-216.
WWW Version. 0505 BibRef

Ilic, S.[Slobodan], Fua, P.[Pascal],
Implicit Meshes for Surface Reconstruction,
PAMI(28), No. 2, February 2006, pp. 328-333.
WWW Version. 0601 BibRef

Ilic, S.[Slobodan], Salzmann, M.[Mathieu], Fua, P.[Pascal],
Implicit Meshes for Effective Silhouette Handling,
IJCV(72), No. 2, April 2007, pp. 159-178.
WWW Version. 0702 BibRef
Earlier:
Implicit Surfaces Make for Better Silhouettes,
CVPR05(I: 1135-1141).
WWW Version. 05073D surface as implicit surface to deal with appearence of the contours. BibRef

Wu, Y.H.[Yi-Hong], Wang, G.H.[Guang-Hui], Wu, F.C.[Fu-Chao], Hu, Z.Y.[Zhan-Yi],
Euclidean reconstruction of a circular truncated cone only from its uncalibrated contours,
IVC(24), No. 8, August 2006, pp. 810-818.
WWW Version. 0608Circular point; Euclidean reconstruction BibRef

Liu, X.[Xin], Yao, H.X.[Hong-Xun], Gao, W.[Wen],
Shape from silhouette outlines using an adaptive dandelion model,
CVIU(105), No. 2, February 2007, pp. 121-130.
WWW Version. 0702Shape from silhouette outlines; Bounding hull; Dandelion model BibRef

Liu, S.B.[Shu-Bao], Kang, K.B.[Kong-Bin], Tarel, J.P.[Jean-Philippe], Cooper, D.B.[David B.],
Free-Form Object Reconstruction from Silhouettes, Occluding Edges and Texture Edges: A Unified and Robust Operator Based on Duality,
PAMI(30), No. 1, January 2008, pp. 131-146.
WWW Version. 0711 BibRef
Earlier: A2, A3, A4, Only:
A unified linear fitting approach for singular and nonsingular 3D quadrics from occluding contours,
HLK03(48-56).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0402Dual Space analysis to reconstruct. BibRef

Kang, K.B.[Kong-Bin], Tarel, J.P.[Jean-Philippe], Fishman, R.[Richard], Cooper, D.B.[David B.],
A Linear Dual-Space Approach to 3D Surface Reconstruction from Occluding Contours using Algebraic Surfaces,
ICCV01(I: 198-204).
WWW Version. 0106 BibRef

Montenegro, A.A.[Anselmo Antunes], Velho, L.[Luiz], Carvalho, P.C.P.[Paulo C. P.], Sossai, J.[Jonas],
Reconstruction of 3D Object Meshes from Silhouette Images,
JMIV(29), No. 2-3, November 2007, pp. 119-130.
WWW Version. 0712 BibRef

Aganj, E.[Ehsan], Pons, J.P.[Jean-Philippe], Segonne, F.[Florent], Keriven, R.[Renaud],
Spatio-Temporal Shape from Silhouette using Four-Dimensional Delaunay Meshing,
ICCV07(1-8).
WWW Version. 0710 BibRef

Yamazaki, S.[Shuntaro], Narasimhan, S.G.[Srinivasa G.], Baker, S.[Simon], Kanade, T.[Takeo],
Coplanar Shadowgrams for Acquiring Visual Hulls of Intricate Objects,
ICCV07(1-8).
WWW Version. 0710 BibRef
Earlier:
On Using Shadowgrams for Visual Hull Reconstruction,
CMU-RI-TR-07-29, August, 2007.
WWW Version. BibRef