7.3 Skeletons and Axial Descriptions - Medial Axis Transform (MAT) etc.

Chapter Contents (Back)
Symmetry. Medial Axis Transform. MAT. Thinning Techniques. Skeletonization.

Blum, H.,
A Transformation for Extracting New Descriptions of Shape,
Originally an internal report.
And: MPSVF(362-380). 1967. BibRef 6700
And: CMetImAly77(153-171). Medial Axis Transform. The basic original discussion of the medial axis transform. BibRef

Blum, H.,
Biological Shape and Visual Science,
Theoretical Biology(38), 1973, pp. 205-287. BibRef 7300

Blum, H., and Nagel, R.N.,
Shape Description using Weighted Symmetric Axis Features,
PR(10), No. 3, 1978, pp. 167-180.
WWW Version. BibRef 7800
Earlier: PRIP77(203-215). BibRef

Pfaltz, J.L., and Rosenfeld, A.,
Computer Representation of Planar Regions by Their Skeletons,
CACM(10), No. 2, February 1967, pp. 119-122.
WWW Version. BibRef 6702

Montanari, U.,
A Method for Obtaining Skeletons Using a Quasi-Euclidean Distance,
JACM(15), No. 4, October 1968, pp. 600-624.
WWW Version. Introduce Chamfer Distance ideas. A hierarchy of methods of defining the skeleton is proposed; in the more complicated ones, the skeleton is relatively invariant under rotation. Two algorithms for computing the skeleton are defined, and the corresponding computer programs are compared. A criterion is proposed for determining the most significant skeleton points. BibRef 6810

Montanari, U.[Ugo],
Continuous Skeletons from Digitized Images,
JACM(16), No. 4, October 1969, pp. 534-549.
WWW Version. BibRef 6910

Levi, G., and Montanari, U.,
A Gray-Weighted Skeleton,
InfoControl(17), August 1972, pp. 62-xx. BibRef 7208

Mott-Smith, J.C.,
Medial Axis Transformations,
PPP70(267-278). BibRef 7000

Moore, D.J.H., and Seidl, R.A.,
On the Medial Axis Function for Visual Patterns,
SMC(4), July 1974, pp. 396-399. BibRef 7407

Moore, D.J.H., Parker, D.J.,
Analysis of global pattern features,
PR(6), No. 3-4, December 1974, pp. 149-164.
WWW Version. 0309 BibRef

Arcelli, C., Sanniti di Baja, G.,
On the Sequential Approach to Medial Line Transformation,
SMC(8), 1978, pp. 139-144. BibRef 7800

Arcelli, C., Sanniti di Baja, G.,
Finding Local Maxima in a Pseudo-Euclidean Distance Transform,
CVGIP(43), No. 3, September 1988, pp. 361-367.
WWW Version. BibRef 8809

Arcelli, C., Sanniti di Baja, G.,
Ridge Points in Euclidean Distance Maps,
PRL(13), 1992, pp. 237-243. BibRef 9200

Arcelli, C., Sanniti di Baja, G.,
Quenching Points in Distance Labeled Pictures,
ICPR84(344-346). BibRef 8400
Earlier:
Medial Lines and Figure Analysis,
ICPR80(1016-1018). BibRef

Sanniti di Baja, G.[Gabriella],
Skeletonization of Digital Objects,
CIARP06(1-13).
WWW Version. 0611 BibRef

Arcelli, C., Cordella, L.P., and Levialdi, S.,
From Local Maxima to Connected Skeletons,
PAMI(3), No. 2, March 1981, pp. 134-143. BibRef 8103

Arcelli, C.,
A Condition for Digital Points Removal,
SP(1), No. 4, 1979, pp. 283-285. BibRef 7900

Hilditch, C.J.,
Linear Skeletons from Square Cupboards,
MI(4), 1969, pp. 403-420. See also Transformation for Extracting New Descriptions of Shape, A. but using the boundary only as the source of the wavefront? BibRef 6900

Selkow, S.M.[Stanley M.],
One-Pass Complexity of Digital Picture Properties,
JACM(19), No. 2, April 1972, pp. 283-295. BibRef 7204

Murphy, I.S.N., and Udupa, K.J.,
A Search Algorithm for Skeletonization of Thick Pattern,
CGIP(3), 1974, pp. 246-259. BibRef 7400

Shapiro, B., Pisa, J., Sklansky, J.,
Skeleton Generation from x,y Boundary Sequences,
CGIP(15), No. 2, February 1981, pp. 136-153. BibRef 8102

Lee, D.T.,
Medial Axis Transformation of A Planar Shape,
PAMI(4), No. 4, July 1982, pp. 363-369. Algorithm based on Voronoi diagrams. BibRef 8207

Tsao, Y.F., Fu, K.S.,
A General Scheme for Constructing Skeleton Models,
IS(27), No. 1, 1982, pp. 53-87. BibRef 8200

Tsao, Y.F., Fu, K.S.,
Stochastic Skeleton Modeling of Objects,
CVGIP(25), No. 2, March 1984, pp. 348-370. BibRef 8403

Peleg, S., and Rosenfeld, A.,
A Min-Max Medial Axis Transformation,
PAMI(3), No. 2, March 1981, pp. 208-210. BibRef 8103

Wang, S., Rosenfeld, A., Wu, A.Y.,
A Medial Axis Transformation for Grayscale Pictures,
PAMI(4), No. 4, July 1982, pp. 419-421. BibRef 8207

O'Rourke, J., Booth, H., Washington, R.,
Connect-the-Dots: A New Heuristic,
CVGIP(39), No. 2, August 1987, pp. 258-266. BibRef 8708

Leymarie, F.F., and Levine, M.D.,
Simulating the Grassfire Transform Using an Active Contour Model,
PAMI(14), No. 1, January 1992, pp. 56-75.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. Snakes, Active Contours. A large number of references. Further analysis of the skeleton and the contour to get better results for more realistic data. For tracking: See also Tracking Deformable Objects in the Plane Using an Active Contour Model. BibRef 9201

Leymarie, F.F., Levine, M.D.[Martin D.],
Fast Raster Scan Distance Propagation on the Discrete Rectangular Lattice,
CVGIP(55), No. 1, January 1992, pp. 84-94.
WWW Version. BibRef 9201

Dill, A.R., Levine, M.D., and Nobel, P.B.,
Multiple Resolution Skeletons,
PAMI(9), No. 4, July 1987, pp. 495-504. Multiple Resolutions. The general computation of skeletons results in differences when there is noise. This uses a Gaussian filtering approach to eliminate this problem. BibRef 8707

Naccache, N.J., and Shinghal, R.,
An Investigation into the Skeletonization Approach of Hilditch,
PR(17), No. 3, 1984, pp. 279-284.
WWW Version. See also Linear Skeletons from Square Cupboards. BibRef 8400

Stefanelli, R.,
A Comment on an Investigation into the Skeletonization Approach of Hilditch,
PR(19), No. 1, 1986, pp. 13-14.
WWW Version. See also Linear Skeletons from Square Cupboards. BibRef 8600

Naccache, N.J., Shinghal, R.,
In Response to 'A Comment on an Investigation into the Skeletonization Approach of Hilditch',
PR(19), No. 2, 1986, pp. Page 111.
WWW Version. BibRef 8600

Xia, Y.,
Skeletonization Via the Realization of the Fire Front's Propagation and Extinction in Digital Binary Shapes,
PAMI(11), No. 10, October 1989, pp. 1076-1086.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 8910

Cordella, L.P., and Sanniti di Baja, G.[Gabriella],
Geometric Properties of the Union of Maximal Neighborhoods,
PAMI(11), No. 2, February 1989, pp. 214-217.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. Analysis of merging MAT descriptions. BibRef 8902

Riazanoff, S., Cervelle, B., and Chorowicz, J.,
Parametrisable Skeletonization of Binary and Multilevel Images,
PRL(11), 1990, pp. 25-33. Direct extraction of skeletons. BibRef 9000

Nackman, L.R.,
Two-Dimensional Critical Point Configuration Graphs,
PAMI(6), No. 4, July 1984, pp. 442-449. BibRef 8407

Srinivasan, V., Nackman, L.R., Tang, J.M., Meshkat, S.N.,
Automatic Mesh Generation Using the Symmetric Axis Transformation of Polygonal Domains,
PIEEE(80), 1992, pp. 1485-1501. BibRef 9200

Samet, H.,
A Quadtree Medial Axis Transform,
CACM(26), No. 9, September 1983, pp. 680-693. BibRef 8309
And: Correction: CACM(27), No. 2, February 1984, pp. 151. The code is included. BibRef

Brandt, J.W., and Algazi, V.R.,
Continuous Skeleton Computation by Voronoi Diagram,
CVGIP(55), No. 3, May 1992, pp. 329-338.
WWW Version. BibRef 9205
And:
Computing a Stable, Connected Skeleton from Discrete Data,
CVPR91(666-667).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. The skeleton based on the Voronoi diagram from points along its border. BibRef

Pai, T.W., and Hansen, J.H.L.,
Boundary-Constrained Morphological Skeleton Minimization and Skeleton Reconstruction,
PAMI(16), No. 2, February 1994, pp. 201-208.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. Seems to say a better representation is the boundary and the skeleton, but does not say why the boundary is not enough. BibRef 9402

Arcelli, C., and Frucci, M.,
Reversible Skeletonization by (5,7,11)-Erosion,
VF91(21-28). BibRef 9100

Arcelli, C.[Carlo], Ramella, G.[Giuliana],
Finding Grey-Skeletons by Iterated Pixel Removal,
IVC(13), No. 3, April 1995, pp. 159-167.
WWW Version. BibRef 9504
And:
Delineation of elongated sub-patterns in a piecewise constant foreground,
CIAP95(335-340).
WWW Version. 9509 BibRef

Borgefors, G.[Gunilla], Ramella, G.[Guiliana], Sanniti di Baja, G.[Gabriella],
Permanence-based shape decomposition in binary pyramids,
CIAP99(38-43).
WWW Version. 9909 BibRef
Earlier:
Coarse-to-Fine Skeletons from Grey-Level Pyramids,
ICPR98(Vol I: 400-402).
WWW Version. 9808 BibRef
Earlier:
Using top-down and bottom-up analysis for a multi-scale skeleton hierarchy,
CIAP97(I: 369-376).
WWW Version. 9709 BibRef

Borgefors, G., Sanniti di Baja, G.,
Parallel smoothing and decomposition of digital shapes using a multiresolution structure,
ICPR90(I: 745-748).
WWW Version. 9006 BibRef

Salari, E., and Siy, P.,
The Ridge-Seeking Method for Obtaining the Skeleton of Digital Images,
SMC(14), No. 3, 1984, pp. 524-528. BibRef 8400

Thiel, E., Montanvert, A.[Annick],
Shape Splitting from Medial Lines Using the 3-4 Chamfer Distance,
VF91(537-546). BibRef 9100
And:
Chamfer masks: discrete distance functions, geometrical properties and optimization,
ICPR92(III:244-247).
WWW Version. 9208Use of the MAT to generate places to break objects into components. BibRef

Montanvert, A.[Annick],
Medial Line: Graph Representation and Shape Description,
ICPR86(430-432). BibRef 8600

Coeurjolly, D.[David], Montanvert, A.[Annick],
Optimal Separable Algorithms to Compute the Reverse Euclidean Distance Transformation and Discrete Medial Axis in Arbitrary Dimension,
PAMI(29), No. 3, March 2007, pp. 437-448.
WWW Version. 0702Optimal computation of skeletons. BibRef

Arcelli, C., Sanniti di Baja, G.,
Euclidean Skeleton via Centre-of-Maximal-Disc Extraction,
IVC(11), No. 3, April 1993, pp. 163-173.
WWW Version. BibRef 9304

Sanniti di Baja, G.[Gabriella], Thiel, E.[Edouard],
(3,4)-Weighted Skeleton Decomposition for Pattern Representation and Description,
PR(27), No. 8, August 1994, pp. 1039-1049.
WWW Version. See also Skeletonization Algorithm Running on Path-Based Distance Maps. BibRef 9408

Sanniti di Baja, G.,
Well-Shaped, Stable, and Reversible Skeletons from the (3,4)-Distance Transform,
JVCIR(5), 1994, pp. 107-115. BibRef 9400

Brandt, J.W.,
Convergence and Continuity Criteria for Discrete Approximations of the Continuous Planar Skeleton,
CVGIP(59), No. 1, January 1994, pp. 116-124.
WWW Version. BibRef 9401

Verwer, B.J.H., van Vliet, L.J., Verbeek, P.W.,
Binary And Grey-Value Skeletons: Metrics And Algorithms,
PRAI(7), No. 5, 1993, pp. 1287-1308. BibRef 9300

Pal, S.K.,
Fuzzy Skeletonization of an Image,
PRL(10), 1989, pp. 17-23. BibRef 8900

Pal, S.K., Rosenfeld, A.,
A Fuzzy Medial Axis Transformation Based on Fuzzy Disks,
PRL(12), 1991, pp. 585-590. BibRef 9100

Engquist, B., Lotstedt, P., Sjogreen, B.,
Nonlinear Filters for Efficient Shock Computation,
MathComp(52), No. 186, 1989, pp. 509-537. BibRef 8900

Fukushima, S., Okumura, T.,
Extraction of the Symmetric Pairs of Contour Points as Well as the Medial Axis from a Planar Figure by a Method Based on Division of the Plane,
IEICE(J73-D-II), No. 6, 1990, pp. 848-854. BibRef 9000
And: English version: SCJ(22), No. 3, 1991, pp. 74-81. BibRef
Earlier:
Symmetry Analysis Based on the Voronoi-Delaunay Duality,
SCIA91(878-885). BibRef

Nilsson, F., Danielsson, P.E.,
Finding the Minimal Set of Maximum Disks for Binary Objects,
GMIP(59), No. 1, January 1997, pp. 55-60. 9703Not quite skeletons, but a set of circles. BibRef

Tari, Z.S.G., Shah, J., Pien, H.,
Extraction of Shape Skeletons from Grayscale Images,
CVIU(66), No. 2, May 1997, pp. 133-146. 9705Directly from image data. BibRef

Datta, A., Parui, S.K.,
Skeletons from Dot Patterns: A Neural-Network Approach,
PRL(18), No. 4, April 1997, pp. 335-342. 9708 BibRef

Datta, A.[Amitava], Parui, S.K., Chaudhuri, B.B.,
Skeletonization by a Topology-Adaptive Self-Organizing Neural Network,
PR(34), No. 3, March 2001, pp. 617-629.
WWW Version. 0101 BibRef
Earlier:
Skeletal Shape Extraction from Dot Patterns by Self-Organization,
ICPR96(IV: 80-84).
WWW Version. 9608(Indian Statistical Institute, IND) BibRef

Datta, A., Pal, T., and Parui, S.K.,
A modified self-organizing neural net for shape extraction,
Neurocomputing(14), 1997, pp. 3-14. Topology adaptive self-organizing feature maps. (TASOFM) BibRef 9700

Marchand-Maillet, S., Sharaiha, Y.M.,
Skeleton Location and Evaluation Based on Local Digital Width in Ribbon-Like Images,
PR(30), No. 11, November 1997, pp. 1855-1865.
WWW Version. 9801 BibRef

Malandain, G., Fernandez Vidal, S.,
Euclidean Skeletons,
IVC(16), No. 5, April 27 1998, pp. 317-327.
WWW Version. 9805 BibRef

Pierrot-Deseilligny, M.[Marc], Stamon, G.[Georges], Suen, C.Y.[Ching Y.],
Veinerization: A New Shape Description for Flexible Skeletonization,
PAMI(20), No. 5, May 1998, pp. 505-521.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 9806Skeletons do not usually give the ideal center line of the shape. This work produces a graph that can be used to derive different skeletons. BibRef

Siddiqi, K.[Kaleem], Kimia, B.B., Shu, C.W.,
Geometric Shock Capturing ENO Schemes for Subpixel Interpolation, Computation and Curve Evolution,
GMIP(59), No. 5, September 1997, pp. 278-301. 9712 BibRef
Earlier: SCV95(437-442) Brown University. BibRef

Siddiqi, K.[Kaleem], Shokoufandeh, A.[Ali], Dickinson, S.J.[Sven J.], Zucker, S.W.[Steven W.],
Shock Graphs and Shape Matching,
IJCV(35), No. 1, November 1999, pp. 13-32.
WWW Version. BibRef 9911
Earlier: ICCV98(222-229).
WWW Version. BibRef

Fan, K.C., Chen, D.F., Wen, M.G.,
Skeletonization of Binary Images with Nonuniform Width via Block Decomposition and Contour Vector Matching,
PR(31), No. 7, July 1998, pp. 823-838.
WWW Version. 9807 BibRef

Beucher, S.,
Digital skeletons in Euclidean and geodesic spaces,
SP(38), No. 1, 1994, pp. 127-141. BibRef 9400

Pizer, S.M.[Stephen M.], Eberly, D.[David], Fritsch, D.S.[Daniel S.], Morse, B.S.[Bryan S.],
Zoom-Invariant Vision of Figural Shape: The Mathematics of Cores,
CVIU(69), No. 1, January 1998, pp. 55-71.
WWW Version. Skeletons directly from the image data. See also Zoom-Invariant Vision of Figural Shape. BibRef 9801

Pizer, S.M.[Stephen M.], Gerig, G., Joshi, S., Aylward, S.R.,
Multiscale medial shape-based analysis of image objects,
PIEEE(91), No. 10, October 2003, pp. 1670-1679.
WWW Version. 0310 BibRef

Aylward, S., Pizer, S.M., Bullitt, E., Eberly, D.,
Intensity Ridge and Widths for Tubular Object Segmentation and Description,
MMBIA96(MEDIAL AXES) BibRef 9600

Furst, J.D., Pizer, S.M., Eberly, D.,
Marching Cores: A Method for Extracting Cores from 3D Medical Images,
MMBIA96(MEDIAL AXES) BibRef 9600

Grigorishin, T.[Tanya], Abdel-Hamid, G.H.[Gamal H.], and Yang, Y.H.[Yee-Hong],
Skeletonization: An Electrostatic Field-Based Approach,
PAA(1), No. 3, 1998, pp. xx-yy. BibRef 9800
Earlier: Univ. of SaskatchewanTechnical report. 1996. Uses electrostatic field theory to maintain connectedness and topology of the object skeleton.
HTML Version. BibRef

Abdel-Hamid, G.H., Yang, Y.H.[Yee-Hong],
Multiresolution skeletonization an electrostatic field-based approach,
ICIP94(I: 949-953).
WWW Version. 9411 BibRef

Zhong, D.X.[David X.], Yan, H.[Hong],
Pattern skeletonization using run-length-wise processing for intersection distortion problem,
PRL(20), No. 8, August 1999, pp. 833-846. BibRef 9908

Xu, M.[Ming], Pycock, D.[David],
A Scale-Space Medialness Transform Based on Boundary Concordance Voting,
JMIV(11), No. 3, December 1999, pp. 277-299.
WWW Version. BibRef 9912

Zhu, S.C.[Song-Chun],
Stochastic Jump-Diffusion Process for Computing Medial Axes in Markov Random Fields,
PAMI(21), No. 11, November 1999, pp. 1158-1169.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 9912 BibRef
Earlier:
Stochastic Computation of Medial Axis in Markov Random Fields,
CVPR98(72-79).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. Statistical inference, not mathematical transform. Related to Snakes, region growing and region competition. See also Embedding Gestalt Laws in Markov Random Fields. BibRef

Zou, J.J.[Ju Jia], Yan, H.[Hong],
Skeletonization of ribbon-like shapes based on regularity and singularity analyses,
SMC-B(31), No. 3, June 2001, pp. 401-407.
IEEE Top Reference. 0108 BibRef

Remy, E., Thiel, E.,
Medial Axis for Chamfer Distances: Computing Look-Up Tables and Neighbourhoods in 2D or 3D,
PRL(23), No. 6, April 2002, pp. 649-661.
HTML Version. 0202 BibRef

Remy, E., Thiel, E.,
Exact medial axis with euclidean distance,
IVC(23), No. 2, 1 February 2004, pp. 167-175.
WWW Version. 0412 BibRef

Teixeira, R.C.[Ralph Costa],
Medial Axes and Mean Curvature Motion I: Regular Points,
JVCIR(13), No. 1/2, March/June 2002, pp. 135-155.
WWW Version. 0204 BibRef

Teixeira, R.C.[Ralph Costa],
Medial Axes and Mean Curvature Motion II: Singularities,
JMIV(23), No. 1, July 2005, pp. 87-105.
WWW Version. 0505 BibRef

Siddiqi, K.[Kaleem], Bouix, S.[Sylvain], Tannenbaum, A.[Allen], Zucker, S.W.[Steven W.],
Hamilton-Jacobi Skeletons,
IJCV(48), No. 3, July-August 2002, pp. 215-231.
WWW Version. 0207 BibRef
Earlier:
The Hamilton-Jacobi Skeleton,
ICCV99(828-834).
WWW Version. BibRef

Dimitrov, P., Damon, J.N., Siddiqi, K.,
Flux invariants for shape,
CVPR03(I: 835-841).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0307Analysis of skeleton description. To get invariant for matching. BibRef

August, J., Tannenbaum, A., Zucker, S.W.,
On the Evolution of the Skeleton,
ICCV99(315-322).
WWW Version. BibRef 9900

Imiya, A.[Atsushi], Saito, M.[Masahiko], Tatara, K.[Ken], Nakamura, K.[Kiwamu],
Digital Curvature Flow and Its Application for Skeletonization,
JMIV(18), No. 1, January 2003, pp. 55-68.
WWW Version. 0301 BibRef

Imiya, A.[Atusihi], Saito, M.[Masahiko],
Thinning by Curvature Flow,
JVCIR(17), No. 1, February 2006, pp. 27-41.
WWW Version. 0711 BibRef
Earlier: Add A3: Nakamura, K.[Kiwamu], IWCIA04(432-442).
WWW Version. 0505Thinning; Skeleton; Digital geometry; Curvature flow; Topology; Binary images and objects BibRef

Choi, W.P.[Wai-Pak], Lam, K.M.[Kin-Man], Siu, W.C.[Wan-Chi],
Extraction of the Euclidean skeleton based on a connectivity criterion,
PR(36), No. 3, March 2003, pp. 721-729.
WWW Version. 0301 BibRef

Katz, R.A.[Robert A.], Pizer, S.M.[Stephen M.],
Untangling the Blum Medial Axis Transform,
IJCV(55), No. 2-3, November-December 2003, pp. 139-153.
WWW Version. 0310 BibRef

Xu, M.[Ming],
The multiscale medial properties of interfering image structures,
PRL(25), No. 1, January 2004, pp. 21-34.
WWW Version. 0311 BibRef

Betelu, S.[Santiago], Sapiro, G.[Guillermo], Tannenbaum, A.[Allen], Giblin, P.J.[Peter J.],
On the computation of the affine skeletons of planar curves and the detection of skew symmetry,
PR(34), No. 5, May 2001, pp. 943-952.
WWW Version. 0102 BibRef
Earlier:
Noise-Resistant Affine Skeletons of Planar Curves,
ECCV00(I: 742-754).
WWW Version. 0003 BibRef

Niethammer, M.[Marc], Betelu, S.[Santiago], Sapiro, G.[Guillermo], Tannenbaum, A.[Allen], Giblin, P.J.[Peter J.],
Area-Based Medial Axis of Planar Curves,
IJCV(60), No. 3, December 2004, pp. 203-224.
WWW Version. 0409Point on axis if equidistant form at least 2 points of the curve, distance given by the area between the curve and its chords. Apply to skew symmetry. BibRef

Chung, D.H.[Do Hyun], Sapiro, G.,
Segmentation-free Skeletonization of Gray-scale Images via PDE's,
ICIP00(Vol II: 927-930).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0008 BibRef

Arcelli, C.[Carlo], Serino, L.[Luca],
Skeletonization of labeled gray-tone images,
IVC(23), No. 2, 1 February 2004, pp. 159-166.
WWW Version. 0412 BibRef

Morrison, P.[Paul], Zou, J.J.[Ju Jia],
Skeletonization based on error reduction,
PR(39), No. 6, June 2006, pp. 1099-1109.
WWW Version. Skeletonization; Constrained Delaunay Triangulation; Thinning; Medial axis; Binary image processing; Cartoon image processing 0604 BibRef

Goh, W.B.[Wooi-Boon], Chan, K.Y.[Kai-Yun],
The multiresolution gradient vector field skeleton,
PR(40), No. 4, April 2007, pp. 1255-1269.
WWW Version. 0701 BibRef
Earlier:
Structural and Textural Skeletons for Noisy Shapes,
ISVC05(454-461).
WWW Version. 0512 BibRef
Earlier:
A Shape Descriptor for Shapes with Boundary Noise and Texture,
BMVC03(xx-yy).
HTML Version. 0409 BibRef
And:
Part-Based Shape Recognition Using Gradient Vector Field Histograms,
CAIP03(402-409).
WWW Version. 0311 BibRef
Earlier:
Shape Description Using Gradient Vector Field Histograms,
ScaleSpace03(713-728).
HTML Version. 0310Boundary match. Skeleton; Shape description; Medial representation; Multiresolution BibRef

Goh, W.B.[Wooi-Boon],
Strategies for shape matching using skeletons,
CVIU(110), No. 3, June 2008, pp. 326-345.
WWW Version. 0711 BibRef
Earlier:
Strategies for Part-Based Shape Analysis Using Skeletons,
ISVC06(I: 475-484).
WWW Version. 0611Shape matching; Skeletons; Medial representation; Multiresolution BibRef

Bai, X.[Xiang], Latecki, L.J.[Longin Jan], Liu, W.Y.[Wen-Yu],
Skeleton Pruning by Contour Partitioning with Discrete Curve Evolution,
PAMI(29), No. 3, March 2007, pp. 449-462.
WWW Version. 0702Prune the skeleton to more simply capture the true shape. BibRef

Bai, X.[Xiang], Latecki, L.J.[Longin Jan],
Path Similarity Skeleton Graph Matching,
PAMI(30), No. 7, July 2008, pp. 1282-1292.
WWW Version. 0806 BibRef
Earlier:
Discrete Skeleton Evolution,
EMMCVPR07(362-374).
WWW Version. 0708 BibRef

Yang, X.W.[Xing-Wei], Bai, X.[Xiang], Yu, D.G.[De-Guang], Latecki, L.J.[Longin Jan],
Shape Classification Based on Skeleton Path Similarity,
EMMCVPR07(375-386).
WWW Version. 0708 BibRef

Liu, H.R.[Hai-Rong], Latecki, L.J.[Longin Jan], Liu, W.Y.[Wen-Yu], Bai, X.[Xiang],
Visual Curvature,
CVPR07(1-8).
WWW Version. 0706 BibRef

Latecki, L.J.[Longin Jan], Li, Q.N.[Quan-Nan], Bai, X.[Xiang], Liu, W.Y.[Wen-Yu],
Skeletonization using SSM of the Distance Transform,
ICIP07(V: 349-352).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Couprie, M.[Michel], Coeurjolly, D.[David], Zrour, R.[Rita],
Discrete bisector function and Euclidean skeleton in 2D and 3D,
IVC(25), No. 10, 1 October 2007, pp. 1543-1556.
WWW Version. 0709Bisector function; Skeleton; Euclidean distance transform; Voronoi diagram, Digital topology BibRef


Fazekas, A.[Attila], Palágyi, K.[Kálmán], Kovács, G.[György], Németh, G.[Gábor],
Skeletonization Based on Metrical Neighborhood Sequences,
CVS08(xx-yy).
WWW Version. 0805 See also Neighborhood Sequences and Their Applications in the Digital Image Processing. BibRef

Normand, N.[Nicolas], Évenou, P.[Pierre],
Medial Axis LUT Computation for Chamfer Norms Using HH-Polytopes,
DGCI08(xx-yy).
WWW Version. 0804 BibRef

le Bourgeois, F., Emptoz, H.,
Skeletonization by Gradient Diffusion and Regularization,
ICIP07(III: 33-36).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef
And:
Skeletonization by Gradient Regularization and Diffusion,
ICDAR07(1118-1122).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Cazals, F.[Frédéric], Pouget, M.[Marc],
Ridges and the medial axis: Smooth surfaces, umbilics, lines of curvatures, foliations: a concise overview,
INRIARR-5138, 2004.
HTML Version. BibRef 0400

Hassouna, M.S.[M. Sabry], Farag, A.A.[Aly A.],
On the Extraction of Curve Skeletons using Gradient Vector Flow,
ICCV07(1-8).
WWW Version. 0710 BibRef
Earlier:
Robust Skeletonization Using the Fast Marching Method,
ICIP05(I: 437-440).
WWW Version. 0512 BibRef

Qiu, H.J.[Huai-Jun], Hancock, E.R.,
Grey scale image skeletonisation from noise-damped vector potential,
ICPR04(II: 839-842).
WWW Version. 0409 BibRef

Sanniti di Baja, G.[Gabriella], Nystrom, I.,
2D Grey-Level Skeleton Computation: A Discrete 3D Approach,
ICPR04(II: 455-458).
WWW Version. 0409 BibRef

Yu, Z.Y.[Ze-Yun], Bajaj, C.,
A segmentation-free approach for skeletonization of gray-scale images via anisotropic vector diffusion,
CVPR04(I: 415-420).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0408 See also Image segmentation using gradient vector diffusion and region merging. BibRef

Palenichka, R.M.[Roman M.], Zaremba, M.B.[Marek B.],
Object Shape Extraction Based on the Piecewise Linear Skeletal Representation,
ICIAR05(464-472).
WWW Version. 0509 BibRef
Earlier:
Multi-scale model-based skeletonization of object shapes using self-organizing maps,
ICPR02(I: 143-146).
WWW Version. 0211 BibRef

Park, J.S.[Jeong-Sun], Oh, I.S.[Il-Seok],
Shape decomposition and skeleton extraction of character patterns,
ICPR02(III: 411-414).
WWW Version. 0211 BibRef

Saeed, K.[Khalid], Rybnik, M.[Mariusz], Tabedzki, M.[Marek],
Implementation and Advanced Results on the Non-interrupted Skeletonization Algorithm,
CAIP01(601 ff.).
HTML Version. 0210 BibRef

Darwish, A.M., and Jain, A.K.,
Midline Model Based Segmentation,
CVPR86(614-618). (UC Davis) Processing circuit boards to find the lines and circles of the pattern. BibRef 8600

Dimitrov, P.[Pavel], Phillips, C.[Carlos], Siddiqi, K.[Kaleem],
Robust and Efficient Skeletal Graphs,
CVPR00(I: 417-423).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 0005 BibRef

Golland, P.[Polina], Grimson, W.E.L.[W. Eric L.],
Fixed Topology Skeletons,
CVPR00(I: 10-17).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 0005 BibRef

Singh, R., Wade, M.C., Papanikolopoulos, N.P.,
Letter Level Shape Description by Skeletonization in Faded Documents,
WACV98(121-126).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 9809 BibRef

Nakamura, T.[Tsuyoshi], Mano, J.[Junji], Enowaki, H.[Hiroshi], Seki, H.[Hirohisa], Itoh, H.[Hidenori],
Skeleton Revision Algorithm Using Maximal Circles,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1607-1609).
WWW Version. 9808 BibRef

Chung, J.M.[Jae-Moon], Ohnishi, N.[Noboru],
Chain of Circles for Matching and Recognition of Planar Shapes,
IJCAI97(1482-1487). BibRef 9700

Bzostek, A.[Andrew], Wolff, L.B.[Lawrence B.],
Medialness and Skeletonization for Object Recognition and Shape Similarity,
DARPA97(1219-1222). BibRef 9700

Ciuc, M., Coquin, D., Bolon, P.,
Quantitative assessment of two skeletonization algorithms adapted to rectangular grids,
CIAP97(I: 588-595).
WWW Version. 9709 BibRef

Li, X.Y.[Xing-Yuan], Oh, W.G.[Weon-Geun], Hong, J.R.[Jia-Rong],
Skeletonizing by compressed line adjacency graph in two directions,
ICIP96(III: 17-20).
WWW Version. 9610 BibRef

Attali, D.[Dominique], Sanniti di Baja, G.[Gabriella], Thiel, E.[Edouard],
Pruning discrete and semicontinuous skeletons,
CIAP95(488-493).
WWW Version. 9509 BibRef

Pasquignon, D.,
Computation of skeleton by partial differential equation,
ICIP95(I: 239-241).
WWW Version. 9510 BibRef

Petrou, M., Palmer, P.L., Christmas, W.J., Kittler, J.V.,
Robust Skeletonisation and Object Recognition from Grey Images,
AVFP94(455-464). BibRef 9400

Hall, R.W.,
Connectivity Preservation Tests for Parallel Reduction-Augmentation Algorithms,
ICPR94(C:245-250).
WWW Version. BibRef 9400

Chaney, R.D.[Ronald D.],
Complexity as a Scale-Space for the Medial Axis Transform,
MIT AI Memo-1397, January 1993.
WWW Version. BibRef 9301

Vossepoel, A.M., Buys, J.P., Koelewijn, G.,
Skeletons from chain-coded contours,
ICPR90(II: 70-73).
WWW Version. 9208 BibRef

Berthod, M., Serendero, M.A.,
Extraction of Thin Networks on Satellite Imagery,
ICPR88(I: 456-458).
WWW Version.
IEEE Top Reference. BibRef 8800

Dorst, L.,
Pseudo-Euclidean Skeletons,
ICPR86(286-288). BibRef 8600

Ahuja, N., Hoff, W.,
Augmented Medial Axis Transform,
ICPR84(336-338). BibRef 8400
And: CVWS84(251-256). BibRef

Badler, N.I., Dane, C.,
The Medial Axis of a Coarse Binary Image Using Boundary Smoothing,
PRIP79(286-291). BibRef 7900

Chapter on 2-D Feature Analysis, Extraction and Representations, Shape, Skeletons, Texture continues in
Distance Transforms, Functions and Skeletons .


Last update:Jun 25, 2008 at 13:37:57